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Development of A Telenursing-Based Self-Assessment Questionnaire for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Risk

Abstract

Development of a Telenursing-Based Self-Assessment Questionnaire for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Risk. Early identification of the risk of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) is crucial in preventing ulcers. Caring for diabetic patients, including early detection of the risk of DFU with telenursing, will improve accessibility to health facilities and also help the work of nurses. Currently, there are many instruments or tools to detect the risk of DFU, but instruments that apply telenursing and can be used independently and easily by patients are still limited. This study aimed to develop a digital self-assessment questionnaire for DFU risk in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients and conduct validity and reliability tests. This study was carried out in three stages. The first stage was the planning stage by conducting a literature study; the second stage was the construction by determining the questionnaire items and testing the content validity index (CVI) by six experts; and the final stage was the validation stage by conducting a psychometric test in the form of a construct validity test with factor validity and internal consistency reliability with Cronbach-alpha on 40 respondents who had type 2 DM. The CVI score by the expert was 0.93, making it included in the very high validity category. The validity and reliability test results for the DM patients obtained a Cronbach alpha score of 0.83 and a validity of 0.43˗0.68. Two items were deleted due to invalid results. The self-assessment tool for DFU risk has good validity and reliability values. This questionnaire is simple and easy for DM patients to use independently.

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