Abstract
The Grieving Process of The HIV-Positive Women. HIV as a chronic disease can change the quality of life of sufferers. This study aimed to identify the intensity of grief response in HIV-positive women. The study was a survey which applied a consecutive sampling to involve 235 HIV positive women. The women were at a Community Health Center in Jakarta, Indonesia. The result showed that a mean value of denial was 2.25 (SD 0.75) in the range of 2.18 to 2.38; a mean value of resistance was 1.67 (SD 0.89) in the range of 1.84–2.07; the middle value of sorrow was 2.67 (SD 0.93) in the range2.26–2.52; and the mean value of acceptance was 3 (SD 0.72) in the range 2.79-2.98 at the 95% confidence level. Characteristics of respondents shows that more than half of respondents were housewives (65.5%), married 56.2% and 50% of respondents said that they contracted HIV from their spouses. The youngest age in this study was18 years old, and the eldest was 47 years old. The study found that the attitudes of denying was on a moderate scale, anger on a mild scale, sorrow on a moderate scale, and acceptance on near-fullness scale. All of respondents was patient in Primary Care Facilities who receive medication and counseling that might be one of the factors that cause full acceptance of the disease condition. However, further research is needed to identify factors influencing the grieving process of the HIV-positive women.
Bahasa Abstract
HIV sebagai penyakit kronisdapat mengubah kualitas hidup penderitanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi intensitas respon berduka pada perempuan HIV positif. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan survey dengan metode pengambilan sampel secara consecutive sampling. Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 235 perempuan HIV positif yang menjadi pasien di beberapa Puskesmas di Jakarta, Indonesia. Hasil penelitian didapatkan gambaran denial dengan nilai tengah yaitu 2,25(SD0,75) berada pada rentang 2,18-2,38; resistance dengan nilai tengah yaitu 1,67(SD0,89) berada pada rentang 1,84-2,07; sorrow dengan nilai tengah yaitu 2,67 (SD0,93) berada pada rentang 2,26-2,52; dan acceptance dengan nilai tengah yaitu 3(SD0,72) berada pada rentang 2,79-2,98pada tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Karakteristik responden menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari separuh responden adalah ibu rumah tangga (65,5%), menikah sebanyak 56,2% dan 50% responden menyatakan tertular HIV dari pasangannya. Usia termuda pada penelitian ini adalah 18 tahun dan yang tertua adalah 47 tahun. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa sikap menyangkal perempuan HIV positif berada pada skala sedang, kemarahan pada skala ringan, kesedihan mendalam pada skala sedang, dan penerimaan pada skala mendekati penuh. Karakteristik responden seluruhnya berasal dari fasilitas kesehatan primer yang telah mendapatkan pengobatan dan konseling sehingga hal tersebut mendukung acceptance yang penuh pada responden. Namun demikian masih perlu penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai factor-faktor yang memengaruhi berduka pada perempuan HIV positif.
References
Adedimeji, A. A., Alawode, O. O., & Odutolu, O. (2010). Impact of Care and Social Support on Wellbeing among people living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria. Iran J Public Health, 39(2), 30–38.
Blackstock, O. J., Addison, D. N., Brennan, J. S., & Alao, O. A. (2012). Trust in primary care providers and antiretroviral adherence in an urban HIV clinic. Journal Of Health Care For The Poor And Underserved, 23(1), 88–98.
Boer, L. M., Daudey, L., Peters, J. B., Molema, J., Prins, J. B., & Vercoulen, J. H. (2014). Assessing the stages of the grieving process in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): validation of the Acceptance of Disease and Impairments Questionnaire (ADIQ). International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 21(3), 561–570.
Bormann, J. E., & Carrico, A. W. (2009). Increases in positive reappraisal coping during a group-based mantram intervention mediate sustained reductions in anger in HIV-positive persons. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 16(1), 74–80.
Damar, A. P., & du Plessis, G. (2010). Coping versus grieving in a “death-accepting†society: AIDS-bereaved women living with HIV in Indonesia. Journal Of Asian And African Studies, 45(4), 424–431.
Demmer, C. (2010). Experiences of women who have lost young children to AIDS in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a qualitative study. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 13, 50.
Dewi, Y. I. (2007). Stres dan koping perempuan hamil yang didiagnosis HIV AIDS di DKI Jakarta: Studi grounded theory. Universitas Indonesia.
Handayani, S. (2011). Peran Dukungan Sebaya Terhadap Mutu Hidup ODHA di Indonesia Tahun 2011 (Studi Kualitatif di 10 Propinsi).
Kaplan, R. L. (2011). Living with HIV/AIDS in Lebanon: Women’s Perceptions of Meaning. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. University of California, Los Angeles, Ann Arbor.
Kesehatan, K. (2014). Situasi dan analisis HIV AIDS. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI.
Leombruni, P., Fassino, S., Lavagnino, L., Orofino, G., Morosini, P., & Picardi, A. (2009). The role of anger in adherence to highly active antiretroviral treatment in patients infected with HIV. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 78(4), 254–257.
Lyimo, R. a, Stutterheim, S. E., Hospers, H. J., de Glee, T., van der Ven, A., & de Bruin, M. (2014). Stigma, disclosure, coping, and medication adherence among people living with HIV/AIDS in Northern Tanzania. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 28(2), 98–105.
Piper, K., Enah, C., & Daniel, M. (2014). Black southern rural adolescents’ HIV stigma, denial, and misconceptions and implications for HIV prevention. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv, 52(6), 50–56.
Rahmalia, A., Wisaksana, R., Meijerink, H., Indrati, A. R., Alisjahbana, B., Roeleveld, N., … van Crevel, R. (2015). Women with HIV in Indonesia: are they bridging a concentrated epidemic to the wider community? BMC Research Notes, 8(1), 757.
Sharma, N. (2012). Role of coping styles in quality of life of people living with HIV / AIDS, 3(1), 6–9.
Tartakovsky, E., & Hamama, L. (2012). Mothers of Children Infected with HIV: How Mothers’ Cognitive Coping Strategies are Related to Their Psychological Distress and Acceptance of Their Children. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 36(6), 681–684.
Videbeck, S. L. (2011). Psychiatric-mental health nursing (Fifth edit). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Word Health Organization. (2015). HIV AIDS. Diperoleh dari http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs360/en/
Wringe, A., Roura, M., Urassa, M., Busza, J., Athanas, V., & Zaba, B. (2009). Doubts, denial and divine intervention: understanding delayed attendance and poor retention rates at a HIV treatment programme in rural Tanzania. AIDS Care, 21(5), 632–7.
Recommended Citation
Ristriyani, Rizka; Rachmawati, Imami Nur; and Afiyanti, Yati
(2018)
"Berduka pada Perempuan HIV Positif,"
Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia: Vol. 21:
No.
1, Article 1.
DOI: 10.7454/jki.v21i1.543
Available at:
https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/jki/vol21/iss1/1
