Flaxseed Ethanolic Extract Modulates Β-Catenin and DKK1 Expressions During Osteoblast Differentiation of Dental Pulp-Derived Stem Cells

Authors

• Nur Sazwi Nordin, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, MalaysiaFollow
• Khairani Idah Mokhtar, Department of Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, MalaysiaFollow
• Omar Abdul Jabbar Abdul Qader, College of Dentistry, Al-Mashreq University, Baghdad 10001, IraqFollow
• Basma Ezzat Mustafa, Department of Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, MalaysiaFollow
• Widya Lestari, Department of Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, MalaysiaFollow
• Deny Susanti Darnis, Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, MalaysiaFollow
• Thirumulu Ponnuraj Kannan, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, MalaysiaFollow
• Azlina Ahmad, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, MalaysiaFollow
• Solachuddin Jauhari Arief Ichwan, Dentistry Program, PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei DarussalamFollow

Abstract

Background: WNT signaling regulates osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) through the canonical WNT pathway. β-catenin; an important molecule of WNT pathway, and DKK1; a WNT antagonist, play important roles in regulating bone formation. Although flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) has various health benefits, including promoting bone health, our previous study showed that flaxseed ethanolic extract (FEE) reduced the osteoblast differentiation potential of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). This study aimed to determine the effects of FEE on WNT pathway-related molecules, β-catenin and DKK1, during osteoblast differentiation of SHED.

Methods: RNA at Day 7, 14, and 21 was extracted from SHED cultured in osteoblast induction media (OIM) treated with/without FEE and subjected to reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) using the specific primers for B-Catenin and DKK1, while GAPDH acted as the internal control.

Results: Treatment with FEE at 4 mg/ml significantly reduced β-catenin and DKK1 expression at day 7 (p < 0.01), increased at day 14 (p < 0.01), and later was reduced at day 21 (p < 0.01).

Conclusion: Overall, FEE modulates the expressions of WNT-associated molecules: β-catenin and DKK1, during osteoblast differentiation of SHED, hence affecting the normal process of osteogenesis of SHED as demonstrated in the current analysis.

References

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Recommended Citation

Nordin, N., Mokhtar, K., Abdul Qader, O., Mustafa, B. E., Lestari, W., Darnis, D. S., Kannan, T., Ahmad, A., & Arief Ichwan, S. Flaxseed Ethanolic Extract Modulates Β-Catenin and DKK1 Expressions During Osteoblast Differentiation of Dental Pulp-Derived Stem Cells. J Dent Indones. 2026;33(2): 128-133