Abstract
Background: Children's oral health can be influenced by various factors, including health behaviors, dietary patterns, and oral health knowledge. This study aimed to determine the correlation between oral health behaviors and oral health status in elementary school children.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 182 elementary school children in Bontang, East Kalimantan, taken by convenience sampling. Health behavior data were acquired by 12-item questionnaires based on the WHO guideline. Examination of dental and oral health status was done by using the DMFT Index and OHI-S. Chi-square was used to determine the correlation between oral health behaviors and oral health status.
Results: Majority of children had DMFT score index less than or equal to 8 (86.3%) and OHI-S score more than or equal to 1 (54.4%). There was a significant difference between age (p = 0.012) and the dental caries status of children. There was also a significant difference between consumption of biscuits (p = 0.018) and the dental caries status of children.
Conclusions: Elementary school children in Bontang, East Kalimantan, still have poor oral health behaviors. Education on the importance of daily toothbrushing, regular dental visits, healthy eating habits, and the use of fluoride-containing toothpaste still needs to be improved.
References
- Bahar A, Permana HH, Darwita RR, Setiawati F, Ramadhani A, Rahardjo A, et al. Dental caries experience and associated factors among 12-year-old schoolchildren in East Jakarta, Indonesia. J Int Dent Med Res. 2021;14(2):666–70.
- Hasan F, Yuliana LT, Budi HS, Ramasamy R, Ambiya ZI, Ghaisani AM. Prevalence of dental caries among children in Indonesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Heliyon. 2024;10(11):e32102.
- Adiatman M, Yuvana AL, Nasia AA, Rahardjo A, Maharani DA, Zhang S. Dental and gingival status of 5 and 12-year-old children in Jakarta and its satellite cities. J Dent Indones. 2016;23(1):5–9.
- Rezki S, Sunardi S, Aripin D, Khayan K, Pawarti P, Noeriman AR. Risk factors for dental caries: A case study in peatlands and non-peatlands of West Kalimantan, Indonesia. J Water Health. 2024;22(2):321–8.
- Achmad H, Armedina RN, Timokhina T, Vitaly V. Goncharov, Sitanaya R, et al. Literature Review: Problems of dental and oral health primary school children. Indian J Forensic Med Toxicol. 2021;15(2):4146–53.
- Ali M. Risk factors for dental caries in school children: a systemic study. Jurnal Syntax Admiration. 2023;4(9):1342–56.
- Rehena Z, Kalay M, Ivakdalam LM. Hubungan pengetahuan dan kebiasaan menggosok gigi dengan kejadian karies gigi pada Siswa SD Negeri 5 Waai Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. Jurnal Biosaintek. 2020;2(2):1–5.
- Yousaf M, Aslam T, Saeed S, Sarfraz A, Sarfraz Z, Cherrez-Ojeda I. Individual, family, and socioeconomic contributors to dental caries in children from low-and middle-income countries. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(12):7114.
- Nugraheni H, Sadimin S, Sukini S. Determinan perilaku pencegahan karies gigi siswa Sekolah Dasar di kota Semarang. Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi. 2019;6(1):26.
- Prasada IDGBD. Gambaran perilaku menggosok gigi pada siswa SD kelas satu dengan karies gigi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rendang Karangasem Bali Oktober 2014. Intisari Sains Medis. 2016;6(1):23–33.
- Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Laporan Nasional Riskesdas 2018. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI, 2018.
- Pariati P, Lanasari NA. Kebersihan gigi dan mulut terhadap terjadinya karies pada anak sekolah dasar di Makassar. Media Kesehatan Gigi Politeknik Kesehatan Makassar. 2021;20(1):49–54.
- Wijayanti S, Rahmatika R, Arruum Listiyandini R. Kontribusi kebersyukuran dalam peningkatan kualitas hidup kesehatan pada remaja di panti asuhan. Psycho Idea. 2020;18(1):33–44.
- Sokolov AR, Chichenkova BO, Stegacheva EA, Yumashev AV, Urtenova AA, Markov AA. Oral hygiene measures as a preventive measure in the field of maintaining the general health of the patient. J Complement Med Res. 2023;14(1):123-6.
- Kramer A, Splieth C. Health promotion through structured oral hygiene and good tooth alignment. GMS Hyg Infect Control. 2022;17:Doc08.
- Adnyasari NLPSM, Syahriel D, Haryani IGAD. Plaque control in periodontal disease: Kontrol plak pada penyakit periodontal. Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi. 2023;19(1):55–61.
- Saputri D, Fera Novita C, Zakky M. Perbandingan tindakan menjaga kebersihan rongga mulut dan status oral hygiene pada anak usia Sekolah Dasar di daerah perkotaan dan pedesaan. J Syiah Kuala Dent Soc. 2017;2(2):90–6.
- Doni FR. Perilaku Penggunaan Media Sosial Pada Kalangan Remaja. Indones J Softw Eng. 2017;3(2):15–23.
- Afriliani L, Hendrawati H, Yulianita H. Gambaran perilaku kebersihan diri pada anggota geng motor “X” di Kecamatan Cikajang Kabupaten Garut. Jurnal Kesehatan Bakti Tunas Husada Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keperawatan, Analis Kesehatan Dan Farmasi. 2021;21(1):102–18.
- Astuti AK. Pelaksanaan perilaku sehat pada anak usia dini di Paud Purwomukti Desa Batur Kecamatan Getasan. Scholaria Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan. 2016;6(3):264–72.
- Apriliani SRA, Utami FB. Peran orang tua dalam menerapkan kemampuan literasi kesehatan anak usia dini pada Pandemi Covid-19 di lingkungan RT 04 RW 26 Pekayon Jaya Bekasi Selatan. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai. 2021;5(2):3852–62.
- Suryarinilsih Y. Penatalaksanaan diet dan olahraga dengan pengendalian hipertensi pada klien hipertensi. Menara Ilmu Jurnal Penelitian dan Kajian Ilmiah. 2019;13(9):127–38.
- Aziizah KN, Setiawan I, Lelyana S. Hubungan tingkat pengetahuan tentang dampak rokok terhadap kesehatan rongga mulut dengan tingkat motivasi berhenti merokok pada mahasiswa Universitas Kristen Maranatha. Sound Dent. 2019;3(1):16–21.
- Hervina, Syahriel D, Haryani I. Gambaran status kebersihan gigi dan mulut serta kebutuhan perawatan periodontal pada remaja yang mengkonsumsi alkohol. Jurnal Bakti Saraswati. 2020;9(2):120–7.
- Dumitrescu R., Sava-Rosianu R, Jumanca D, Balean O, Damian LR, Campus GG, et al. Dental caries, oral health behavior, and living conditions in 6–8-year-old Romanian School Children. Children. 2022; 9(6); 903.
- Indonesian Dental Association. Handbook of Indonesian Health Survey Implementation-National Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) 2018. Jakarta: Indonesian Dental Association; 2018.
- Ahmad DAP, Masyhudi, Alhawaris. Hubungan penggunaan jenis sumber air terhadap tingkat DMFT masyarakat Desa Melahing Kota Bontang. Action Res Literate. 2024;8(3):373–7.
- Andayani LH, Soulissa AG, Lestari S. Dental and oral health status of elementary school children in Central Lampung. J Indones Dent Assoc. 2021;4(1):7–13.
- Dananjaya MA, Prasetya MA Putu. Hubungan laju saliva terhadap kejadian karies. Bali Dent J. 2019;3(1):9–14.
- Allo CBB, Lampus BS, Gunawan PN. Hubungan perasaan takut anak terhadap perawatan gigi dengan kebersihan gigi dan mulut di RSGM Unsrat Manado. e-GIGI. 2016;4(2):166–70.
- Setiawan IM, Sari ND, Kaswindiarti S, Kurniawati D. Parents' motivation for their child's first visit to the dentist (a descriptive study). Int Summit Sci Technol Humanity. 2023:1274–81.
- Hariyani N, Setyowati D, Listl S, Nair R. Effect of socioeconomic status on teeth and dental care–evidence from a population-based study in Indonesia. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2023;21:b3956549.
- Giyansyah N, Chairony N, Harianto IA, Aliyah UR. Knowledge, attitude, action, ability to pay (ATP), and willingness to pay (WTP) young adults in fulfilling the need for oral hygiene maintenance. Indian J Forensic Med Toxicol. 2021;15(4):1950–8.
- Failasufa H, Fahrie TO, Arimbi A. Hubungan pelaksanaan Usaha Kesehatan Gigi Sekolah terhadap status karies gigi : Literature review. Indones J Dent. 2021;1(2):37–43.
- Keloay P, Mintjelungan CN, Pangemanan DHC. Gambaran teknik menyikat gigi dan indeks plak pada siswa SD GMIM Siloam Tonsealama. e-GIGI. 2019;7(2):76–80.
- Aprinta IKP, Prasetya MA, Wirawan IMA. Hubungan frekuensi menyikat gigi dan konsumsi makanan kariogenik dengan kejadian karies gigi molar pertama permanen pada anak Sekolah Dasar usia 8-12 tahun di Desa Pertima, Karangasem, Bali. Bali Dent J. 2018;2(1):1–8.
- Wowor VNS, Bernadus JBB, Lumbangaol GMP. Hubungan perilaku menyikat gigi dan kejadian karies gigi pada anak usia Sekolah di Desa Wori. e-GiGi. 2024;13(1):123–31.
- Casaglia A, Cassini MA, Condò R, Iaculli F, Cerroni L. Dietary fluoride intake by children: When to use a fluoride toothpaste? Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(11):5791.
- Martignon S, Roncalli AG, Alvarez E, Aránguiz V, Feldens CA, Buzalaf MA. Risk factors for dental caries in Latin American and Caribbean countries. Braz Oral Res. 2021;35(suppl 01):e053.
- Que L, Jia M, You Z, Jiang LC, Yang CG, Quaresma AA, et al. Prevalence of dental caries in the first permanent molar and associated risk factors among sixth-grade students in São Tomé Island. BMC Oral Health. 2021;21(1):483.
- Pitts NB, Twetman S, Fisher J, Marsh PD. Understanding dental caries as a non-communicable disease. Br Dent J. 2021;231(12):749–53.
- Sulistyaningrum AT, Martha E. Peranan jajanan sekolah dan orang tua terhadap karies gigi siswa SD di Banda Aceh. Hasanuddin J Midwifery. 2019;1(1):14.
- Simbolon R. Hubungan kebiasaan jajan dengan status karies gigi anak sekolah di SD Negeri Suanae Tahun 2020. Jurnal Ekonomi Sosial Humaniora. 2020;1(11):211–7.
- Pontoluli ZG, Khoman JA, Wowor VNS. Kebersihan gigi mulut dan kejadian gingivitis pada anak sekolah dasar. e-GiGi. 2021;9(1):21–8.
- Hamzah A. Pola konsumsi makanan kariogenik dengan kejadian karies gigi pada anak sekolah dasar. Indones Scholar J Nurs Midwifery Sci. 2021;1(1):9–15.
- Widita E, Pamardiningsih Y, Vega CA. Caries risk profiles amongst preschool aged children living in the Sleman District of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. J Dent Indones. 2017;24(1):1–6.
- Van Meijeren-Van Lunteren AW, Voortman T, Wolvius EB, Kragt L. Adherence to dietary guidelines and dental caries among children: a longitudinal cohort study. Eur J Public Health. 2023;33(4):653–8.
- Butera A, Maiorani C, Morandini A, Simonini M, Morittu S, Trombini J, et al. Evaluation of children caries risk factors: A narrative review of nutritional aspects, oral hygiene habits, and bacterial alterations. Children. 2022;9(2):262.
- Moca AE, Vaida LL, Negruțiu BM, Moca RT, Todor BI. The influence of age on the development of dental caries in children. A radiographic study. J Clin Med. 2021;10(8):1702.
Recommended Citation
Andayani, L. H., Elisanditya, A., Soulisa, A. G., & Lestari, S. Oral Health Behaviors and Oral Health Status in Elementary School Children in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. J Dent Indones. 2026;33(1): 61-68