The Effect of Melatonin on Implant Stability and Marginal Bone Level around The Implant

Authors

Hemanth Ravella, Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Drs Sudha & Nageswara Rao, Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Chinaoutpalli, Gannavaram Mandal, Andhra Pradesh, IndiaFollow
Mulpuri Venkata Ramoji Rao, Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Drs Sudha & Nageswara Rao, Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Chinaoutpalli, Gannavaram Mandal, Andhra Pradesh, India
Sathish Manthena, Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Drs Sudha & Nageswara Rao, Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Chinaoutpalli, Gannavaram Mandal, Andhra Pradesh, India
Suneetha Koneru, Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Drs Sudha & Nageswara Rao, Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Chinaoutpalli, Gannavaram Mandal, Andhra Pradesh, India
Penubolu Lakshmi Preethi, Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Drs Sudha & Nageswara Rao, Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Chinaoutpalli, Gannavaram Mandal, Andhra Pradesh, India
Venkata Naga Sri Harsha Anumolu, Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Drs Sudha & Nageswara Rao, Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Chinaoutpalli, Gannavaram Mandal, Andhra Pradesh, India

Abstract

Dental implants have been used for missing teeth replacement with a high success rate. Melatonin is an antioxidant and acts as a free radical scavenger. It retards the resorption of bone by regulating RANKL and OPG synthesis, and increases the BIC (Bone to implant contact) and also bone perimeter and bone mineralization. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess if topical melatonin application at the osteotomy site has any influence on the stability and marginal bone level around the implant Methods: In this split mouth double blind randomized control trial 30 implants were placed on either side of the mandible in which test sites were irrigated with melatonin solution prior to the implant placement and the control site on the other side was irrigated with normal saline. Crestal bone level and implant stability assessment was done at baseline and 3 months. Results: A significant difference was observed between the groups with respect to crestal bone loss scores at 3 months. Regarding implant stability a significant difference(p<0.05) was observed within the groups at baseline and 3 months and also between the groups at 3 months only. Conclusion: Melatonin showed a statistically significant reduction in crestal bone loss and an increase in implant stability.

References

1. Brånemark PI, Adell R, Breine U, Hansson BO, Lindström J, Ohlsson A. Intra-osseous anchorage of dental prostheses. I. Experimental studies. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg. 1969; 3(2):81-100.

2. Albrektsson T, Zarb G, Worthington P, Eriksson AR. The long-term efficacy of currently used dental implants: A review and proposed criteria of success. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1986; 1(1):11-25.

3. Atsumi M, Park SH, Wang HL. Methods used to assess implant stability: Current status. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2007; 22(5):743-54.

4. Ianăş O, Olinescu R, Bădescu I. Melatonin involvement in oxidative processes. Endocrinologie. 1991; 29(3-4):147-53.

5. Reiter RJ, Manchester LC, Tan DX. Neurotoxins: Free radical mechanisms and melatonin protection. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2010; 8(3):194-210.

6. Roth JA, Kim BG, Lin WL, Cho MI. Melatonin promotes osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. J Biol Chem. 1999; 274(31):22041-7.

7. Javed F, Ahmed HB, Crespi R, Romanos GE. Role of primary stability for successful osseointegration of dental implants: Factors of inf luence and evaluation. Interv Med Appl Sci. 2013; 5(4):162-7.

8. Roos J, Sennerby L, Albrektsson T. An update on the clinical documentation on currently used bone anchored endosseous oral implants. Dent Update. 1997; 24(5):194-200.

9. Halıcı M, Öner M, Güney A, Canöz Ö, Narin F, Halıcı C. Melatonin promotes fracture healing in the rat model. Eklem Hastalik Cerrahisi. 2010; 21(3):172-7.

10. Oh TJ, Yoon J, Misch CE, Wang HL. The causes of early implant bone loss: myth or science? J Periodontol. 2002; 73(3):322-33.

11. Sennerby L, Meredith N. Implant stability measurements using resonance frequency analysis: Biological and biomechanical aspects and clinical implications. Periodontol 2000. 2008; 47:51-66.

12. Lerner AB, Case JD, Takahashi Y, Lee TH, Mori W. Isolation of melatonin, the pineal gland factor that lightens melanocyte. J Am Chem Soc.1958; 80(10):2587.

13. Cutando A, Aneiros-Fernández J, López-Valverde A, Arias-Santiago S, Aneiros-Cachaza J, Reiter RJ. A new perspective in Oral health: Potential importance and actions of melatonin receptors MT1, MT2, MT3, and RZR/ROR in the oral cavity. Arch Oral Biol. 2011; 56(10):944-50.

14. Ianăş O, Olinescu R, Bădescu I. Melatonin involvement in oxidative processes. Endocrinologie. 1991;29(3-4):147-53.

15. Abdelaziz LM, Hazzaa HH, Shawki NA. Evaluation of autogenous bone graft around dental implant alone or combined with melatonin gel: Randomized control trial. Al-Azhar Dent J Girls. 2020;7(3):417-23.

16. Salomó-Coll O, de Maté-Sánchez JEV, Ramírez- Fernandez MP, Hernández-Alfaro F, Gargallo- Albiol J, Calvo-Guirado JL. Osseoinductive elements around immediate implants for better osteointegration: A pilot study in foxhound dogs. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2018; 29(11):1061-9.

17. El-Gammal MY, Salem AS, Anees MM, Tawfik MA. Clinical and radiographic evaluation of immediate loaded dental implants with local application of melatonin: A preliminary randomized controlled clinical trial. J Oral Implantol. 2016; 42(2):119-25.

18. Dundar S, Yaman F, Saybak A, Ozupek MF, Toy VE, Gul M, Ozercan IH. Evaluation of effects of topical melatonin application on osseointegration of dental implant: An experimental study. J Oral Implantol. 2016; 42(5):386-9.

19. Tresguerres IF, Clemente C, Blanco L, Khraisat A, Tamimi F, Tresguerres JA. Effects of local melatonin application on implant osseointegration. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2012; 14(3):395-9.

20. Fahmy A. The effect of platelet rich fibrin versus melatonin on implant stability in implant retained mandibular overdenture cases. Oral Health Dent Manag. 2017:16(4).

21. Ramakrishna R, Nayar S. Clinical assessment of primary stability of endosseous implants placed in the incisor region, using resonance frequency analysis methodology: An in vivo study. Indian J Dent Res. 2007; 18(4):168-72.

22. Rostom DA, Ela AA, Abdalla MF. Effect of melatonin on osseointegration of immediate loading implant supported mandibular over denture: Randomized clinical trial. Int Dent Med J Adv Res. 2016; 2(1):1-5.

Recommended Citation

Ravella, H., Rao, M., Manthena, S., Koneru, S., Preethi, P., & Anumolu, V. The Effect of Melatonin on Implant Stability and Marginal Bone Level around The Implant. J Dent Indones. 2022;29(2): 105-112