•  
  •  
 

Abstract

Two key terms permeate the work of Keebet von Benda-Beckmann (and of her co-authors, especially Franz von Benda-Beckmann) in her discussions of legal pluralism: ‘constellations’ and ‘entanglement’. These terms are both concerned with describing the existence of, and interrelationships between, plural legal orders. This article critically analyses these two terms, their usage and implied meanings, and compares them with other alternative concepts employed elsewhere in legal pluralism and cognate literature. With reference to empirical evidence on plural work regulation in Indonesia, I argue that the terms have some descriptive benefits for understanding the realities of plural legal orders, but still leaves many aspects under-theorised.

Bahasa Abstract

Terdapat dua istilah kunci dalam karya Keebet von Benda-Beckmann (dan dalam karya rekan-rekan penulisnya, khususnya Franz von Benda-Beckmann) dalam diskusinya mengenai pluralisme hukum, yaitu: ‘constellations’ (‘konstelasi’) dan ‘entanglement’ (‘keterikatan’). Kedua istilah ini berkaitan dengan deskripsi keberadaan dan hubungan timbal balik antar sistem hukum plural. Artikel ini secara kritis menganalisis kedua istilah tersebut, penggunaan dan makna tersiratnya, serta membandingkannya dengan konsep-konsep alternatif lain yang digunakan dalam literatur mengenai pluralisme hukum dan literatur serumpun. Mengacu pada bukti empiris mengenai regulasi kerja plural di Indonesia, penulis berpendapat bahwa istilah-istilah tersebut mempunyai beberapa manfaat deskriptif untuk memahami realitas tatanan hukum plural. Namun demikian masih terdapat beberapa aspek yang belum diteorikan.

References

References

Alamsyah, Yuyun. 2008. Bangkitnya Bisnis Kuliner Tradisional [The Emergence of Traditional Culinary Businesses]. Elex Media Komputindo.

Amengual, Matthew, and Laura Chirot. 2016. “Reinforcing the State: Transnational and State Labor Regulation in Indonesia,” ILR Review 69(5): 1056–1080.

Bartley, Tim. 2018. Rules without Rights: Land, Labor and Private Authority in the Global Economy. Oxford University Press.

von Benda-Beckmann, Keebet. 2022. “Trajectories of Legal Entanglement: Examples from Indonesia, Nepal and Thailand,” Legal Pluralism and Critical Social Analysis 54(1): 13–30.

von Benda-Beckmann, Franz, and Keebet von Benda-Beckmann. 2006a. “The Dynamics of Change and Continuity in Plural Legal Orders,” Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law 38 (53–54): 1–44.

von Benda-Beckmann, Franz, and Keebet von Benda-Beckmann. 2006b. “Changing One is Changing All: Dynamics in the Islam-Adat-State Triangle,” Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law 38(53–54): 239–270.

von Benda-Beckmann, Franz, von and Keebet von Benda-Beckmann. 2017. “Legal Pluralism and Legal Anthropology: Experiences from Indonesia.” In Pluralism, Transnationalism and Culture in Asian Law: A Book in Honour of M.B. Hooker, edited by Gary F. Bell. ISEAS, Yusof Ishak Institute.

von Benda-Beckmann, Franz, Keebet von Benda-Beckmann and Anne Griffiths. 2009. “Space and Legal Pluralism: An Introduction.” In Spatializing Law, edited by Franz von Benda-Beckmann, Keebet von Benda-Beckmann and Anne Griffiths. Routledge.

von Benda-Beckmann, Keebet, and Bertram Turner. 2018. “Legal Pluralism, Social Theory, and the State,” Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law 50(3): 255–274.

Choudhury, Nafay. 2022. “Order in the Bazaar: The Transformation of Non-State Law in Afghan’s Premier Money Exchange Market,” Law & Social Inquiry 47: 292–330.

Connor, Tim, and Fiona Haines. 2013. “Networked Regulation as a Solution to Human Rights Abuse in Global Supply Chains? The Case of Trade Union Rights Violations by Indonesian Sports Shoe Manufacturers,” Theoretical Criminology 17(2): 197–214.

Eberlein, Burkhard et al. 2014. “Transnational Business Governance Interactions: Conceptualisation and Framework for Analysis,” Regulation & Governance 8: 1–21.

Engel, David M. 2009. “Landscapes of the Law: Injury, Remedy, and Social Change in Thailand,” Law & Society Review 43: 61–94.

Gillespie, John, and Hong Thi Quang Tran. 2022. “Legal Pluralism and the Struggle for Customary Law in the Vietnamese Highlands,” American Journal of Comparative Law 70: 1–42.

Hancher, Leigh, and Michael Moran. 1989. “Organizing Regulatory Space.” In Capitalism, Culture and Economic Regulation, edited by Leigh Hancher and Michael Moran. Clarendon Press.

Harriss-White, Barbara. 2010. “Work and Wellbeing in Informal Economies: The Regulative Roles of Institutions of Identity and the State,” World Development 38(2): 170–183.

Helmke, Gretchen, and Steven Levitsky. 2004. “Informal Institutions and Comparative Politics: A Research Agenda,” Perspectives on Politics 2(4): 725–740.

International Labour Organization. 2018. “Women and Men in the Informal Economy: A Statistical Picture,” 3rd edition. International Labour Office.

Kabarbisnis. 22 February 2016. “Belajar dari cara Bisnis Restoran Padang” [Learning from Padang Restaurant Business Practices], https://kabarbisnis.com/read/2864902/belajar-dari-cara-bisnis-restoran-padang.

Klabbers, Jan, and Gianluigi Palombella. 2019. The Challenge of Inter-Legality. Cambridge University Press.

Klopfer, Lisa. 1993. “Padang Restaurants: Creating “Ethnic” Cuisine in Indonesia,” Food and Foodways 5(3): 293–304.

Krisch, Nico. 2021. “Framing Entangled Legalities Beyond the State.” In Entangled Legalities Beyond the State, edited by Nico Krisch. Cambridge University Press.

Li, Tania Murray, and Pujo Semedi. 2021. Plantation Life: Corporate Occupation in Indonesia’s Oil Palm Zone. Duke University Press.

Mahy, Petra. 2024. “Anthropology and Labour Law.” In Research Methods in Labour Law: A Handbook, edited by Alysia Blackham and Sean Cooney. Edward Elgar.

Mahy, Petra et al. 2024. “Qualitative Fieldwork.” In Cambridge Handbook of Comparative Law, edited by Mathias Siems and Po Jen Yap. Cambridge University Press.

Mahy, Petra et al. 2019. “What is Actually Regulating Work? A Study of Restaurants in Indonesia and Australia.” In Reimagining Labour Law for Development: Informal Work in the Global North and South, edited by Diamond Ashiagbor. Hart Publishing.

Mahy, Petra et al. 2017. The Plural Regulation of Work: A Pilot Study of Restaurant Workers in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Centre for Employment and Labour Relations Law, University of Melbourne.

Mahy, Petra. 2016. “The Functional Approach in Comparative Social-Legal Research: Reflections Based on a Study of Plural Work Regulation in Australia and Indonesia,” International Journal of Law in Context 12(4): 420–436.

Moore, Sally Falk. 1973. “Law and Social Change: The Semi-Autonomous Social Field as an Appropriate Subject of Study,” Law & Society Review 7(4): 719–746.

Peluso, Nancy Lee. 2018. “Entangled Territories in Small-Scale Gold Mining Frontiers: Labor Practices, Property, and Secrets in Indonesian Gold Country,” World Development 101: 400–416.

Rahmah, Syafrini. 2008. “Sistem Kekeluargaan pada Pengelolaan Rumah Makan Tipe Sederhana” [The Kinship System in the Management of Simple Type Restaurants], unpublished undergraduate thesis, Faculty of Social and Political Studies, University of North Sumatra.

de Sousa Santos, Boaventura. 1987. “Law: A Map of Misreading. Towards a Postmodern Conception of Law,” Journal of Law and Society 14(3): 279–302.

Sugiarti, Keri Lasmi and Shelly Novi H.P. 2003. “Buruh dalam Industri Teh Rakyat Ciwidey, Jawa Barat” [Labour in the Ciwidey Community Tea Industry, West Java]. In Hubungan Perburuhan di Sektor Informal: Permasalahan dan Prospek [Labour Relations in the Informal Sector: Problems and Prospects], edited by Anne Friday Safaria, Dadi Suhanda and Selly Riawanti. Akatiga.

Turner, Bertram. 2015. “Exploring Avenues of Research in Legal Pluralism: Forward-Looking Perspectives in the Work of Franz von Benda-Beckmann,” Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law 47(3): 375–410.

Twining, William. 2010. “Normative and Legal Pluralism: A Global Perspective,” Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law 20: 473–517.

Yaumidin, Umi Karoma. 2008. “Economies Based on Reward Sharing: A Case Study in Indonesia’s Tertiary Sector,” Journal of Indonesian Social Science and Humanities 1: 161–174.

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.