•  
  •  
 

Abstract

Primary dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecological problem experienced by women of reproductive age and can interfere with daily activities. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and differences in the proportion of primary dysmenorrhea based on individual factors (duration of menstrual bleeding, family history, physical activity, stress) and diet (breakfast habits, frequency of saturated fat consumption, omega-3 consumption, iron consumption, frequency of consumption of dairy products, caffeine consumption, and frequency of consumption of sugary foods and beverages). This study used a cross-sectional design and involved 150 regular undergraduate students in the 2019-2022 batch of the Faculty of Public Health Universitas Indonesia who were selected with a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected by filling out an online questionnaire and analyzed with chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. Results showed that 61.3% of female students experienced primary dysmenorrhea. Bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant difference (p-value < 0.05) in the proportion of primary dysmenorrhea based on family history, caffeine consumption, and frequency of consumption of sugary foods and beverages. Multivariate analysis showed that the frequency of consumption of sugary foods and drinks (OR = 4.8) and family history (OR = 4.7) were the two most influencing factors associated with the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea. This study shows that the frequency of consumption of sugary foods and beverages and family history increase the risk of primary dysmenorrhea.

References

  1. Ferries-Rowe E, Corey E, Archer JS. Primary Dysmenorrhea: Diagnosis and Therapy. Obstet Gynecol. 2020;136(5):1047–58. DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004096
  2. Itani R, Soubra L, Karout S, Rahme D, Karout L, Khojah HMJ. Primary Dysmenorrhea: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Updates. Korean J Fam Med. 2022 Mar 17;43(2):108. DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.21.0103
  3. Sima RM, Sulea M, Radosa JC, Findeklee S, Hamoud BH, Popescu M, et al. The Prevalence, Management and Impact of Dysmenorrhea on Medical Students’ Lives-A Multicenter Study. Healthcare. 2022 Jan 1;10(1):167. DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010157
  4. Vlachou E, Owens DA, Lavdaniti M, Kalemikerakis J, Evagelou E, Margari N, et al. Prevalence, Wellbeing, and Symptoms of Dysmenorrhea Among University Nursing Students in Greece. Dis 2019, Vol 7, Page 5. 2019 Jan 8;7(1):19. DOI: 10.3390/diseases7010005
  5. Purwaningtias RM, Puspitasari D, Ernawati. The Relationship Between Menstrual Cycle Characteristics with Dysmenorrhea and Adolescents Social Life. Indones Midwifery Heal Sci J. 2020 Jun 19;4(3):280–94. DOI: 10.20473/imhsj.v4i3.2020.280-294
  6. Bakhsh H, Algenaimi E, Aldhuwayhi R, AboWadaan M. Prevalence of Dysmenorrhea Among Reproductive Age Group in Saudi Women. BMC Womens Health. 2022 Dec 1;22(78):1–14. DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01654-9
  7. Fernández-Martínez E, Onieva-Zafra MD, Parra-Fernández ML. Lifestyle and Prevalence of Dysmenorrhea Among Spanish Female University Students. PLoS One. 2018 Aug 1;13(8). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201894
  8. Hu Z, Tang L, Chen L, Kaminga AC, Xu H. Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Primary Dysmenorrhea Among Chinese Female University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2020 Feb 1;33(1):15–22. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2019.09.004
  9. Igbokwe UC, John-Akinola YO. Knowledge of Menstrual Disorders and Health Seeking Behaviour Among Female Undergraduate Students of University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Ann Ibadan Postgrad Med [Internet]. 2021 Jun [cited 2023 Jan 17];19(1):49. Available from: /pmc/articles/PMC8935669/
  10. Tadese M, Kassa A, Muluneh AA, Altaye G. Prevalence of Dysmenorrhoea, Associated Risk Factors and Its Relationship With Academic Performance Among Graduating Female University Students in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. BMJ Open. 2021 Mar 1;11(3). DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043814
  11. Ali A, Ali A, Alotaibi NS, Alsufyani MS, Alotaibi AJ, Almutairi MM, et al. Prevalence, Impact, And Management Perception of Dysmenorrhea among University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Brazilian J Pharm Sci. 2022;58. DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e20458
  12. Juniar D. Epidemiology of Dysmenorrhea among Female Adolescents in Central Jakarta. Makara J Heal Res. 2015;19(1):26. DOI: 10.7454/msk.v19i1.4596
  13. Al-Husban N, Odeh O, Dabit T, Masadeh A. The Influence of Lifestyle Variables on Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Womens Health. 2022;14:545–53. DOI: 10.2147/IJWH.S338651
  14. Duman NB, Yıldırım F, Vural G. Risk Factors for Primary Dysmenorrhea and The Effect Of Complementary and Alternative Treatment Methods: Sample from Corum, Turkey. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2023 Jan 18];16(3):43. Available from: /pmc/articles/PMC9092532/
  15. Damayanti AN, Setyoboedi B, Fatmaningrum W. Hubungan Pola Makan dengan Derajat Keparahan Dismenorea pada Remaja Putri. Indones Midwifery Heal Sci J. 2022;6(1):83–95. DOI: 10.20473/imhsj.v6i1.2022.83-95
  16. Fujiwara T, Ono M, Iizuka T, Sekizuka-Kagami N, Maida Y, Adachi Y, et al. Breakfast Skipping in Female College Students is A Potential and Preventable Predictor of Gynecologic Disorders at Health Service Centers. Diagnostics. 2020 Jul 13;10(7):476. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10070476
  17. Mohammadi MM, Mirjalili R, Faraji A. The Impact of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids On Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2022 May 1;78(5):721–31. DOI: 10.1007/s00228-021-03263-1
  18. Rahmawati M, Maryanto S, Purbowati. The Correlation Between Calcium and Iron Intake with Dysmenorrhea in Female Adolescents in SMA Negeri 1 Ambarawa. J Gizi Dan Kesehat. 2021;13(1):94–103. DOI: 10.35473/jgk.v13i1.104
  19. Karacin O, Mutlu I, Kose M, Celik F, Kanat-Pektas M, Yilmazer M. Serum Vitamin D Concentrations in Young Turkish Women with Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Randomized Controlled Study. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Feb 1;57(1):58–63. DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2017.12.009
  20. Direkvand-Moghadam A, Khosravi A. Evaluating Shirazi (Thymus Vulgaris) on Menstrual Pain Using Verbal Multidimensional Scoring System (VMS). J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2012;23(19):1–5. DOI: 10.5897/AJPP11.818
  21. Fachruddin KR, Anwar F, Dwiriani CM. Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Dismenore Primer pada Mahasiswi Institut Pertanian Bogor. J Gizi Diet. 2022;1(1):58–64. DOI: 10.25182/jigd.2022.1.1.58-64
  22. Rafique N, Al-Sheikh MH. Prevalence of Menstrual Problems and Their Association With Psychological Stress in Young Female Students Studying Health Sciences. Saudi Med J. 2018 Jan 1;39(1):67. DOI: 10.15537/smj.2018.1.21438
  23. Patterson E. Analysis of the International Physical Guidelines for Data Processing and Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) – Short and Long Forms [Internet]. International Physical Activity Questionnaire. 2005. Available from: www.ipaq.ki.se
  24. Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A Global Measure of Perceived Stress. J Health Soc Behav. 1983;24(4):385–96. DOI: 10.2307/2136404
  25. Pramanik P, Dhar A. Impact of Fast Foods on Menstrual Health of School Going Adolescent Girls in West Bengal, Eastern India. Glob J Biol Agric Heal Sci [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2023 Jan 29];3(1):61–6. Available from: www.walshmedicalmedia.com/
  26. Aji GK, Laily N, Susanti I. Iron Intake Among Adolescent Girls Based on Family Socio-Economic, Frequent High-Iron Foods Consumed and Knowledge About Anemia in Pandeglang District. Media Gizi Indones. 2021;16(1):17– 25. DOI: 10.20473/mgi.v16i1.17-25
  27. Abdul-Razzak KK, Obeidat BA, Al-Farras MI, Dauod AS. Vitamin D And PTH Status among Adolescent and Young Females With Severe Dysmenorrhea. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2014;27:78–82. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2013.07.005
  28. Faramarzi M, Salmalian H. Association of Psychologic And Nonpsychologic Factors with Primary Dysmenorrhea. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2014;16(8):16307. DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.16307
  29. Gagua T, Tkeshelashvili B, Gagua D. Primary Dysmenorrhea: Prevalence in Adolescent Population of Tbilisi, Georgia and Risk Factors. J Turkish Ger Gynecol Assoc. 2012;13(3):162. DOI: 10.5152/jtgga.2012.21
  30. Knüppel A, Shipley MJ, Llewellyn CH, Brunner EJ. Sugar Intake from Sweet Food and Beverages, Common Mental Disorder and Depression: Prospective Findings From The Whitehall II Study. Sci Rep. 2017 Jul 27;7(1):1–10. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05649-7
  31. Daeli WAC, Nurwahyuni A. Determinan Sosial Ekonomi Konsumsi Minuman Berpemanis di Indonesia: Analisis Data Susenas 2017. J Ekon Kesehat Indones. 2019;4(1):10–20. DOI: 10.7454/eki.v4i1.3066
  32. Larasati LT, Alatas F. Dismenore Primer dan Faktor Risiko Dismenore Primer pada Remaja. Majority [Internet]. 2016;5(3):79–84. Available from: https://juke.kedokteran.unila.ac.id/in dex.php/majority/article/view/1040
  33. Kural M, Noor NN, Pandit D, Joshi T, Patil A. Menstrual Characteristics and Prevalence of Dysmenorrhea in College Going Girls. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2015 Sep;4(3):431. DOI: 10.4103/2249-4863.161345
  34. Rifati W, Sudiarti T. A Family History as Dominant Factors Associated with Dysmenorrhea Among Adolescents. J Heal Med Sci. 2020;3(1):90–7. DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.03.01.102
  35. Ning CH, Krishnan Vasanthi R, Muniandy Y. A Study on the Prevalence of Dysmenorrhea and Its Relationship with Physical Activity among Young Adults. Int J Heal Sci Res [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2023 Jun 5];10(10):45. Available from: https://www.ijhsr.org/
  36. Sari SIP, Sendari A. Lifestyle And Nutritional Status of The Event of Adolescent Women’s Dysmenorrhea. J Kebidanan Malahayati. 2022;8(2):358–63. DOI: 10.3302
  37. Tsamara G, Raharjo W, Putri EA. Hubungan Gaya Hidup Dengan Kejadian Dismenore Primer Pada Mahasiswi Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tanjungpura. J Nas Ilmu Kesehat [Internet]. 2020;2(3):130–40. Available from: https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php /jnik/article/view/8543/4834
  38. Sundari N, Sari DNA, Timiyatun E, Kusumasari V. Dietary Habit is Associated with Dysmenorrhea Among Adolescent. Str J Ilm Kesehat. 2020;9(2):1359–69. DOI: 10.30994/sjik.v9i2.471
  39. Ningtyas LN, Nursyarofah N. Edukasi Gizi Pengaturan Pola Makan dan Gizi Seimbang Untuk Pencegahan Gangguan Menstruasi Pada Remaja Putri. J Abdimas Kedokt dan Kesehat. 2023;1(1):20– 6. DOI: 10.24853/jaras.1.1.20-26
  40. Rad M, Sabzevari MT, Rastaghi S, Dehnavi ZM. The Relationship Between Anthropometric Index and Primary Dysmenorehea in Female High School Students. J Educ Health Promot. 2018;7(34):1–6. DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_117_17
  41. Bajalan Z, Alimoradi Z, Moafi F. Nutrition As A Potential Factor Of Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review Of Observational Studies. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2019 May 1;84(3):209–24. DOI: 10.1159/000495408
  42. Naqiyyah F. Faktor Dominan Dismenore Primer pada Siswi SMAN 5 Depok Tahun 2016 [Internet]. Universitas Indonesia; 2016. Available from: https://lontar.ui.ac.id/detail?id=2043 0817&lokasi=lokal
  43. Hidayati A, Damayanti KE, Prasetyawati AE. Hubungan Konsumsi Makanan Kaya Asam Lemak Omega-3 dengan Kejadian Dismenore pada Siswi SMAN 1 Gondangrejo Karanganyar. Nexus Kedokt Komunitas [Internet]. 2017;Vol 6(No.1):67–8. Available from: https://digilib.uns.ac.id
  44. Hamsari IN, Sumarni, Lintin G. Hubungan Asupaan Zat Besi dengan Kejadian Dismenore pada Mahasiswi Angkatan 2016 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tadulako Tahun 2017. Med Tadulako J Ilm Kedokt [Internet]. 2019;6(2):30–40. Available from: http://jurnal.untad.ac.id/jurnal/index. php/MedikaTadulako/article/view/1 3256
  45. Febriani D, Ariani D, Kusumastuty I. Pengaruh Konsumsi Susu Sapi Terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri Dismenore Primer Pada Siswi Jurusan Keperawatan Di SMKN 2 Malang. J Issues Midwifery. 2018;2(2):20–33. DOI: 10.21776/ub.JOIM.2018.002.02.3
  46. Monday I, Anthony P, Olunu E, Otohinoyi D, Abiodun S, Owolabi A, et al. Prevalence and Correlation Between Diet and Dysmenorrhea Among High School And College Students in Saint Vincent And Grenadines. J Med Sci. 2019;7(6):920–4. DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.205
  47. Ologele I, Oyiza D, Tijani OM. Perceived Risk Factors of Dysmenorrhea among Female Undergraduates in University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria. Tanzania J Sci. 2021;47(1):10–8. DOI: 10.4314/tjs.v47i1.2
  48. Muluneh AA, Nigussie T seyuom, Gebreslasie KZ, Anteneh KT, Kassa ZY. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Dysmenorrhea Among Secondary and Preparatory School Students in Debremarkos Town, North-West Ethiopia. BMC Womens Health. 2018 Apr 24;18(57). DOI: 10.1186/s12905-018-0552-x

Bahasa Abstract

Dismenore primer merupakan permasalahan ginekologi yang umum dialami oleh wanita usia subur dan dapat menganggu aktivitas sehari-hari. Oleh karenanya penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi serta perbedaan proporsi dismenore primer berdasarkan faktor individu (durasi perdarahan saat menstruasi, riwayat keluarga, aktivitas fisik, stress) dan pola makan (kebiasaan sarapan, frekuensi konsumsi lemak jenuh, konsumsi omega-3, konsumsi zat besi, frekuensi konsumsi produk susu, konsumsi kafein, dan frekuensi konsumsi makanan dan minuman bergula) pada mahasiswa S1 FKM UI tahun 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan 150 mahasiswa S1 Reguler angkatan 2019- 2022 S1 FKM UI yang dipilih menggunakan systematic random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara daring dan dianalisis dengan uji chi square dan regresi logistik ganda. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa 61,3% mahasiswi mengalami dismenore primer. Pada analisis bivariat menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan proporsi dismenore primer yang signifikan (p value < 0.05) berdasarkan riwayat keluarga, konsumsi kafein, dan frekuensi konsumsi makanan dan minuman bergula. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi konsumsi makanan dan minuman bergula (OR = 4,8) dan riwayat keluarga (OR= 4,7) menjadi dua faktor tertinggi yang berhubungan dengan kejadian dismenore primer. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi konsumsi makanan dan minuman bergula dan riwayat keluarga meningkatkan risiko terjadinya dismenore primer.

Download

Share

COinS