Abstract
Indonesiaranks second globally with the highest number of Tuberculosis (TB) cases, following India. Consequently, TB remains a high-priority health issue requiring immediate attention. This study aims to describe the TB case characteristic and analyze the TB risk in each urban villages of Senen, Central Jakarta. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Data was obtained from medical records and the Tuberculosis Information System (SITB) at Senen Primary Health Care (PHC) during January – December2023. Demographic data, TB type, result of rapid molecular test, and comorbidities were presented in numbers and percentages. Total TB cases, incidence rate (IR), and standardized morbidity ratio (SMR) were calculated for each urban villages and the entire subdistrict. The distribution of the number of cases, IR, and SMR was displayed on a map. Overall, 300 TB cases were found among 3,421 suspected TB cases examined at the Senen PHC in 2023, with a positivity rate of 7.22% and an incidence rate of 240 per 100,000 population. The highest number of TB cases occurred in September 2023 with 52 cases (17.33%). Of the total TB cases in Senen, TB cases were commonly found in males (67.67%), the productive age group (15-59 years) accounted for73.33%,new TB cases accounted for 93.33%, 100% were pulmonary TB cases, 82.33% were bacteriologically confirmed with 93.36% of them being drug-sensitive TB (DS-TB), smokers (73.33%) and employed (72.67%). TB cases were spread across sixurban villages, with Kramat having the highest number of cases at 98 (32.67%), a TB IR of 78 per 100,000 population, and an SMR of 0.71. TB cases occurred throughout the year in the Senen Subdistrict. The characteristics of TB cases in Senen were dominated by males, productive age groups, pulmonary TB, new cases, bacteriologically confirmed cases, DS-TB, smokers, and employed individuals. The TB risk varied in each area, with the highest number of cases, IR, and SMR found in Kramat urban village A comprehensive strategy combining early detection, effective treatment, and preventive measures is essential to control the TB epidemic in the Senen Subdistrict.
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Bahasa Abstract
Indonesia menempati posisi kedua negara dengan kasus Tuberkulosis (TB) terbanyak di dunia setelah India sehingga TB masih menjadi prioritas masalah kesehatan yang perlu ditangani lebih cepat.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran kasus TB dan analisis risiko TB padasetiap kelurahan di Kecamatan Senen, Jakarta Pusat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan desain studi potong lintang. Data diperoleh dari rekam medis dan Sistem Informasi Tuberkulosis (SITB) di Puskesmas wilayah Kecamatan Senen periode Januari – Desember 2023. Data demografi, jenis TB, hasil Tes cepat Molekuler (TCM) dan komorbid ditampilkan dalam jumlah dan persentase. Total kasus TB, incidence rate (IR), dan standardized morbidity ratio (SMR) dihitung pada setiap kelurahan dan kecamatan. Distribusi jumlah kasus, IR dan SMR ditampilkan pada peta.Secara keseluruhan kasus TB di Puskesmas wilayah Kecamatan Senen tahun 2023 sebanyak 300 kasus dari total 3.421 terduga TB yang diperiksa dengan positivity rate 7,22% dan laju insiden 240 per 100.000 penduduk. Kasus TB tertinggi ditemukan pada September 2023 sebanyak 52 kasus (17,33%). Dari total kasus TB di Kecamatan Senen, kasus TB lebih banyak ditemukan pada laki-laki (67,67%), usia produktif (15-59 tahun) sebanyak 73,33%, TB kasus baru sebanyak 93,33%, 100% adalah kasus TB Paru, 82,33% terkonfirmasi bakteriologis dengan 96,36% diantaranya adalah TB sensitif obat (SO), Perokok (73,33%), dan 72,67% bekerja. Kasus TB tersebar di enamKelurahan dengan Kelurahan Kramat menjadi kelurahan tertinggi jumlah kasus 98 (32,67%), IR TB 78 per 100.000 penduduk dan SMR 0,71.Kasus TB di Kecamatan Senen terjadi sepanjang tahun. Karakteristik kasus TB di Kecamatan Senen didominasi oleh laki-laki, usia produktif, TB Paru, kasus baru, terkonfirmasi bakteriologis, TB SO, perokok, dan bekerja. Risiko TB bervariasi pada setiap wilayah dengan jumlah kasus, IR, dan SMR tertinggi ditemukan di Kelurahan Kramat. Perlu adanya strategi komprehensif dalam deteksi dini, pengobatan yang efektif, dan langkah-langkah pencegahan dalam mengendalikan epidemi TB di Kecamatan Senen.
Recommended Citation
Susanti, Eka Lusi; Hasnaini, Anna; and -, Murniaty
(2024)
"Karakteristik dan Analisis Risiko Kasus Tuberkulosis di Puskesmas Senen Jakarta Pusat tahun 2023,"
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia: Vol. 8:
Iss.
2, Article 12.
DOI: 10.7454/epidkes.v8i2.1130
Available at:
https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/epidkes/vol8/iss2/12
