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Abstract

Virus COVID-19 terus menyebabkan lebih banyak orang menjadi sakit dan meninggal dunia setiap harinya. Selain itu, varian virus COVID-19 baru juga terus ditemukan. Lebih dari 80% kematian karena COVID-19 terjadi pada penderita yang memiliki komorbid dan berusia di atas 65 tahun. Perlu diketahui penyakit komorbid apa saja yang berpengaruh terhadap kematian pasien COVID- 19 lansia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktorfaktor yang dapat meningkatkan risiko kematian COVID-19 pada pasien lansia yang melakukan rawat inap di RSUD Karanganyar mulai Januari 2020 - Mei 2021. Sebanyak 322 pasien COVID-19 lansia yang terdata dalam file database rekam medis pasien rawat inap di RSUD Kabupaten Karanganyar digunakan dalam penelitian kuantitatif ini dengan menggunakan desain cross sectional. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan regresi logistik untuk menguji hubungan jenis kelamin, TBC paru, diabetes mellitus, ginjal kronis, stroke, dan jantung dengan kematian pasien COVID-19 lansia. Dari total sampel yang diteliti, sebanyak 18,9% diantaranya meninggal dunia. Pasien COVID-19 lansia perempuan yang meninggal dunia adalah sebanyak 54,1%. Dari total 61 pasien COVID-19 lansia yang meninggal, penyakit komorbid yang paling banyak diderita adalah DM (21,3%), hipertensi (16,4%), stroke (11,5%), ginjal kronis (8,2%), jantung (8,2%), dan TBC paru (3,3%). Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa hanya riwayat hipertensi yang secara statistik terkait dengan peningkatan risiko kematian pada pasien COVID-19 lansia (OR= 2,647; 95% CI: 1,154 – 6,070), sedangkan variabel yang lainnya tidak berhubungan. Pasien lansia dengan komorbid tersebut perlu diprioritaskan untuk diberikan penanganan medis secara optimal karena lebih rentan terhadap kematian.

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