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Karakteristik Epidemiologi COVID-19 Tahun 2020 – 2021: Studi Potong Lintang di Provinsi Riau

Abstract

Data terkait karakteristik epidemiologi COVID-19 di Indonesia masih langka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan epidemiologi COVID-19 berdasarkan dimensi orang, tempat dan waktu. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai dasar upaya intervensi yang lebih optimal dan tepat sasaran. Penelitian cross sectional ini memasukkan seluruh kasus konfirmasi COVID-19 dari sepuluh Kabupaten dan dua Kotamadya di Provinsi Riau dari tanggal 18 Maret 2020 hingga 9 Oktober 2021. Kami menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik epidemiologi COVID- 19. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 122.497 kasus COVID-19, 51,3% kasus adalah perempuan. Median umur 35 tahun (IQR: 24 - 49 tahun), 52,1% kasus kelompok umur 26 hingga 51 tahun, 0,4% kasus re-infeksi COVID-19, 3,3% kasus meninggal, 87,3% kasus dengan isolasi mandiri/ fasilitas khusus, dan 70,5% tempat tinggal kasus di wilayah daratan. Waktu sakit tertinggi atau puncak gelombang COVID-19 pada tanggal 18 – 24 Oktober 2020 (1.891 kasus), tanggal 23 – 29 Mei 2021 (4.444 kasus), dan tanggal 25 – 31 Juli 2021 (9.536 kasus). Kelompok umur, status kasus, dan tempat tinggal memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kejadian COVID-19 berdasarkan jenis kelamin. Tingginya kasus pada umur produktif berkontribusi terhadap tingginya kesembuhan kasus COVID-19. Perlu dilakukan upaya preventif seperti bekerja dari rumah pada kelompok usia produktif termasuk di institusi yang mempekerjakan kaum perempuan, serta meningkatkan perawatan dan pengobatan pada laki-laki risiko tinggi dengan pertimbangan bertambahnya usia dan faktor komorbiditas.

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