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Abstract

Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan penyakit menular yang masih menjadi masalah utama di Indonesia dan dunia. Tantangan utama dalam mendiagnosis TB secara konvensional yaitu rendahnya sensitivitas deteksi pada pemeriksaan mikroskopis dan lamanya waktu yang diperlukan untuk kultur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi metode GeneXpert MTB/RIF untuk mendeteksiMycobacterium tuberculosis dengan sampel dahak langsung di RSUD Dr. Moewardi (RSDM), Surakarta. Analisis observasional dengan pendekatan kohort retrospektif menggunakan data sekunder hasil pemeriksaan GeneXpert MTB/RIF pada sampel dahak langsung di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik RSDM pada tahun 2012 2015. Sampel didapatkan dari pasien yang memenuhi kriteria suspek multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) dan sampel tersebut telah dikultur di Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan (BLK), Jawa Tengah. Data dianalisis dengan OpenEpi versi 3, Epi Info 7, dan MedCalc. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan sensitivitas, spesifisitas, nilai duga positif dan negatif (NDP dan NDN) serta akurasi metode GeneXpert MTB/RIF sebesar 93,62%, 27,17%, 68,89%, 71,21%, dan 69,21%. Prevalensi TB paru pada sampel yang diperiksa sebesar 63,27%. Rendahnya spesifisitas GeneXpert MTB/RIF mengindikasikan perlunya kultur sebagai baku emas. Namun demikian, perlu standarisasi pemrosesan sampel dahak dalam segi teknik dan waktu pengambilan sampel disertai data klinis yang memadai untuk melihat riwayat terapi yang telah diberikan pada pasien.

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