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Abstract

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease that poses a public health problem in tropical regions and is influenced by climatic factors such as temperature, rainfall, humidity, and wind speed. In 2023, Malang Regency recorded 1,018 cases with an incidence rate (IR) of 38.2 per 100,000 population. This study aims to analyze the relationship between climatic factors and the DF IR for the 2022–2024 period using an ecological design and Spearman’s correlation analysis. Climate data were obtained from the BMKG, while DF data were obtained from the Health Office. The results showed that only air temperature was significantly associated (p = 0.032), while rainfall, humidity, and wind speed showed no significant association (p > 0.05). Temperature can serve as an early warning indicator. High temperatures should be prioritized as the optimal time for implementing control activities, such as community education and intensive Mosquito Larval Control (PSN).


Keywords: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Climate, Incidence Rate

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Bahasa Abstract

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit menular yang menjadi masalah kesehatan di daerah tropis dan dipengaruhi faktor iklim seperti suhu, curah hujan, kelembapan, serta kecepatan angin. Pada tahun 2023, Kabupaten Malang mencatat 1.018 kasus dengan incidence rate (IR) 38,2 per 100.000 penduduk. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan faktor iklim dengan IR DBD periode 2022–2024 menggunakan desain ekologi dan analisis korelasi Spearman. Data iklim diperoleh dari BMKG, sedangkan data DBD dari Dinas Kesehatan. Hasil menunjukkan hanya suhu udara berhubungan signifikan (p = 0,032), curah hujan, kelembapan, dan kecepatan angin tidak ada hubungan yang siginifikan (p > 0,05). Suhu dapat dijadikan indikator peringatan dini. Suhu tinggi perlu ditetapkan sebagai prioritas waktu untuk pelaksanaan kegiatan pengendalian, seperti edukasi masyarakat, dan Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk (PSN) secara intensif.

Kata Kunci:  Demam Berdarah Dengue, Iklim, Incidence Rate

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