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Abstract

Maternal and child health (MCH) is a critical indicator of national health development aligned with SDGs targets. DKI Jakarta, as a densely populated capital city, faces unique challenges in providing equitable MCH services. This study aims to analyze the situational status of MCH problems in DKI Jakarta Province in 2024 and to determine health priorities using the PAHO-adopted Hanlon method. A descriptive study using quantitative and qualitative approaches was conducted at the DKI Jakarta Provincial Health Office from October 2024 to January 2025. Primary data were collected through structured interviews, while secondary data were sourced from reports of the Nutrition and MCH Section and reports of the DKI Jakarta Provincial Health Office. Four major MCH problems were identified: Infant Mortality Rate (IMR), Nutritional Status, Under-Five Mortality Rate (U5MR), and Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR). Based on PAHO-adopted Hanlon scoring, IMR was the top priority with the highest score of 29.02, followed by Nutritional Status (28.96), MMR (26.11), and U5MR (24.50). During January to October 2024, IMR reached 1.49 per 1,000 live births, still above the Strategic Plan target of 1.31. Root causes of IMR include limited trained MCH personnel, suboptimal referral systems, budget constraints, and inadequate readiness of private health facilities. IMR is the priority MCH problem in DKI Jakarta, requiring strengthening of healthcare personnel capacity, optimization of maternal-neonatal referral systems, and improved cross-sectoral coordination.

References

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Bahasa Abstract

Kesehatan ibu dan anak (KIA) merupakan indikator penting pembangunan kesehatan nasional yang tercermin dalam tujuan SDGs. DKI Jakarta sebagai ibu kota dengan populasi padat menghadapi tantangan unik dalam pemenuhan layanan KIA yang merata. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis situasi masalah KIA di Provinsi DKI Jakarta Tahun 2024 dan menetapkan prioritas masalah menggunakan metode PAHO-adopted Hanlon. Studi menggunakan desain deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif, dilaksanakan di Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta pada Oktober 2024 hingga Januari 2025. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara terstruktur, sementara data sekunder bersumber dari laporan Seksi Gizi dan Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak serta laporan Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Terdapat empat masalah KIA utama yang diidentifikasi: Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB), Status Gizi, Angka Kematian Balita (AKABA), dan Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI). Berdasarkan skoring PAHO-adopted Hanlon, AKB menjadi prioritas utama dengan skor tertinggi sebesar 29,02, diikuti Status Gizi (28,96), AKI (26,11), dan AKABA (24,50). Pada periode Januari hingga Oktober 2024, AKB mencapai 1,49 per 1.000 kelahiran hidup, masih di atas target Renstra sebesar 1,31. Akar penyebab AKB meliputi keterbatasan tenaga KIA terlatih, sistem rujukan yang belum optimal, keterbatasan anggaran, dan kesiapan faskes swasta yang belum adekuat. AKB merupakan prioritas masalah KIA di DKI Jakarta yang memerlukan penguatan kapasitas tenaga kesehatan, optimalisasi sistem rujukan maternal neonatal, dan peningkatan koordinasi lintas sektor.

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