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Abstract

Hepatitis B remains as one of health problems in the world. The results of several studies related to factors in predicting of the timely first-shot hepatitis B immunization were still inconsistent. Aim of this study is to identify determinant factors of the timely first-shot hepatitis B immunization in East Lombok, Indonesia. We used a cross sectional design study, and data derived from immunization coverage survey at six districts/ cities in 2013. A Total of 227 children aged 12 to 23 months who already got immunization of a first-shot hepatitis B vaccineand well documented were included as samples in this study. Timely first-shot hepatitis B immunization was defined as the first-shot of hepatitis B immunization within 24 hours after birth. Data were analyzed by using a logistic regression analysis. The result of this study showed only 60.4% of infants who got the timely first-shot hepatitis B immunization. Mother’s behavior was the only factor that had a statistically association with the timely first-shot hepatitis B immunization (P-value 0.007 CI 95% 1.94-3.62). Meanwhile, other factors i.e. sex, socio-economic status, parent’s education, knowledge and attitude of mother and place of immunization service had no statistically association with the first-shot of hepatitis B immunization

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Bahasa Abstract

Hepatitis B masih menjadi salah satu permasalahan dalam bidang kesehatan di dunia. Hasil beberapa penelitian terkait faktor yang berperan dalam memprediksi pemberian imunisasi hepatitis B secara tepat waktu masih belum konsisten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali determinan pemberian imunisasi hepatitis B0 secara tepat waktu di Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Studi ini menggunakan design studi potong lintang yang bersumber dari data survey cakupan imunisasi di 6 kota/ kabupaten tahun 2013. Sebanyak 227 anak berusia 12 sd 23 bulan yang mendapat imunisasi hepatitis B0 dan terdokumentasi dengan baik diikutkan sebagai sampel dalam penelitian ini. Status pemberian imunisasi yang tepat waktu dinilai berdasarkan jarak antara waktu kelahiran dengan waktu pemberian imunisasi hepatitis B0 pada anak yaitu 24 jam pertama kelahiran. Analisis data menggunakan uji Kai-kuadrat dan Regresi Logistik pada tahap multivariate. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 60.4% anak yang mendapatkan imunisasi hepatitis B0 secara tepat waktu. Faktor perilaku ibu terhadap program imunisasi merupakan satu-satunya faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi pemberian imunisasi hepatitis B0 secara tepat waktu (Pvalue 0.007 CI 95% 1.94-3.62). Sedangkan untuk faktor lainnya yaitu jenis kelamin, sosial ekonomi, pendidikan ayah dan ibu, pengetahuan dan sikap ibu serta tempat pelayanan imunisasi secara statistik belum mampu memprediksi outcome pada studi ini. Disarankan kepada pemangku kepentingan, adanya upaya dalam meningkatkan pelayanan optimal yang berdampak pada peningkatan perilaku ibu secara positif terhadap program imunisasi.

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