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Abstract

Karas (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.) leaves contain secondary metabolite such as alkaloid, flavonoid, phenol, antraquinone, and triterpenoid. Flavonoid compound has anti inflammatory activity. This research was conducted to investigate the effective anti inflammatory dose from the reduction of rat paw edema using plethismometer. Karas leaves was macerated with 96% ethanol and then evaporated until crude extract was obtained. This research was carried out using 25 male rats that was divided into 5 treatment groups, negative control (CMC-Na 1%), positive control (Natrium diclofenac 4.5 mg/kgBW), dosage I (45 mg/kgBW), dosage II (90 mg/kgBW), and dosage III (180 mg/kgBW). The extract was administrated orally half an hour before the induction of 0.1 ml carragenan 2% solution. The anti inflammatory activity was observed from the volume of edema, AUC, and the percentage of antiinflammatory activity. The data was analyzed by ANOVA using SPSS. The result shows that there was a significant difference between negative control with the treatment groups (dosage I, II, and III). There was no significant difference between positive control with dosage II and III, however there was a significant difference to dosage I. The percentage of antiinflammatory activity of positive control, dosage I, dosage II, and dosage III was 39.3%, 22.9%, 29.6%, and 37.9% respectively. The conclusion of this research was that the effective dose of ethanolic extract form karas leaves was 180 mg/kgBB.

Bahasa Abstract

Daun karas (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.) mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, fenol, antrakuinon, dan terpenoid. Senyawa flavonoid memiliki aktivitas antiinflamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dosis efektif ekstrak sebagai anti-inflamasi dilihat dari penurunan volume edema pada kaki tikus menggunakan pletismometer. Daun karas dimaserasi menggunakan etanol 96% kemudian diuapkan dan diperoleh ekstrak kental. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan 25 ekor tikus jantan dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kontrol negatif (CMC-Na 1%), kontrol positif (tablet natrium diklofenak 4,5 mg/kgBB), dosis I (45 mg/kgBB), dosis II (90 mg/kgBB), dan dosis III (180 mg/kgBB). Ekstrak tersebut diberikan 30 menit sebelum tikus diinduksi karagenan 2% sebanyak 0,1 ml. Uji antiinflamasi tikus diamati melalui data volume edema, AUC, dan persen daya antiinflamasi. Analisis data menggunakan uji ANOVA (P<0,05). Hasil uji aktivitas antiinflamasi menunjukkan bahwa kelompok perlakuan (dosis I, dosis II, dan dosis III) memiliki efek antiinflamasi yang ditandai dengan perbedaan yang signifikan dengan kelompok kontrol negatif. Kelompok dosis II dan dosis III tidak berbeda signifikan dengan kelompok kontrol positif, namun kelompok dosis I berbeda signifikan dengan kelompok kontrol positif. Nilai persen daya antiinflamasi yang dihasilkan oleh kelompok kontrol positif yaitu 39,3%, dosis I 22,9%, dosis II 29,6%, dan dosis III 37,9%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah dosis efektif ekstrak etanol daun karas sebagai antiinflamasi adalah 180 mg/kgBB. Kata kunci : ekstrak etanol daun karas; Aquilaria malacencis Lamk; uji aktivitas antiinflamasi

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