"The Development of Mindful Parenting Scale" by Carrenina Prilly Juaninda, Khairunnisa Fahira Dumbi et al.
  •  
  •  
 

Abstract

Mindful parenting benefits both parents and children; however, Indonesia lacks a valid and reliable tool for it. This study aims to develop a mindful parenting scale (MPS) as an effective tool for parents of children aged 3–6 years. The MPS is a multidimensional scale comprising five dimensions based on the theories of previous researchers (Kabat-Zinn and Kabat-Zinn and Duncan et al.). The study involved 326 participants with marriage durations of 2–32 years (M = 8.4, SD = 4.53). The results demonstrate that the final version of the MPS exhibits high internal consistency for the total score and each dimension. Additionally, confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the multidimensional MPS aligns well with the model and possesses good convergent validity. The development of the MPS is crucial for researchers and practitioners in further to better understand, assess, and design interventions related to mindful parenting.

References

Ahemaitijiang, N., Fang, H., Ren, Y., Han, Z. R., & Singh, N. N. (2021). A review of mindful parenting: Theory, measurement, correlates, and outcomes. Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology, 15. doi: 10.1177/18344909211037016.

Babyak & Green (2010) is Babyak, M. A., & Green, S. B. (2010). Confirmatory factor analysis: an introduction for psychosomatic medicine researchers. Psychosomatic medicine, 72(6), 587–597. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181de3f8a.

Block, M. E., Hutzler, Y., Barak, S., & Klavina, A. (2013). Creation and validation of the self-efficacy instrument for physical education teacher education majors toward inclusion. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 30(2), 184–205. doi: 10.1123/apaq.30.2.184.

Bögels, S. M., Hellemans, J., van Deursen, S., Römer, M., & van der Meulen, R. (2014). Mindful parenting in mental health care: Effects on parental and child psychopathology, parental stress, parenting, coparenting, and marital functioning. Mindfulness, 5(5), 536–551. doi: 10.1007/s12671-013-0209-7.

Bögels, S. M., Lehtonen, A., & Restifo, K. (2010). Mindful Parenting in Mental Health Care. Mindfulness, 1(2), 107–120. doi: 10.1007/s12671-010-0014-5.

Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822–848. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822.

Chaplin, T. M., Turpyn, C. C., Fischer, S., Martelli, A. M., Ross, C. E., Leichtweis, R. N., Miller, A. B., & Sinha, R. (2021). Parenting-focused mindfulness intervention reduces stress and improves parenting in highly-stressed mothers of adolescents. Mindfulness, 12(2), 450–462. doi: 10.1007/s12671-018-1026-9.

Cheung, R. Y. M., Leung, S. S. W., & Mak, W. W. S. (2019). Role of mindful parenting, affiliate stigma, and parents’ well-being in the behavioral adjustment of children with autism spectrum disorder: Testing parenting stress as a mediator. Mindfulness, 10(11), 2352–2362. doi: 10.1007/s12671-019-01208-5.

Cohen, R. J., & Swerdlik, M. E. (2018). Psychological testing and assessment: An introduction to tests and measurement (9th ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Costigan, C. L., Cox, M. J., & Cauce, A. M. (2003). Work-parenting linkages among dual-earner couples at the transition to parenthood. Journal of Family Psychology, 17(3), 397–408. doi: 10.1037/0893-3200.17.3.397.

de Bruin, E. I., Topper, M., Muskens, J. G. A. M., Bögels, S. M., & Kamphuis, J. H. (2012). Psychometric properties of the five facets mindfulness questionnaire (FFMQ) in a meditating and a non-meditating sample. Assessment, 19(2), 187–197. doi: 10.1177/1073191112446654.

Duncan, L. G., Coatsworth, J. D., & Greenberg, M. T. (2009). A model of mindful parenting: Implications for parent–child relationships and prevention research. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 12(3), 255–270. doi: 10.1007/s10567-009-0046-3.

Farkas, C., & Valdés, N. (2010). Maternal stress and perceptions of self-efficacy in socioeconomically disadvantaged mothers: An explicative model. Infant Behavior and Development, 33(4), 654–662. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2010.09.001.

Gani, I. A. A., & Kumalasari, D. (2019). Be mindful, less stress: Studi tentang mindful parenting dan stres Pengasuhan pada Ibu Dari Anak Usia middle childhood di Jakarta. Jurnal Psikologi, 15(2), 98–107. doi: 10.24014/jp.v15i2.7744.

Gouveia, M. J., Carona, C., Canavarro, M. C., & Moreira, H. (2016). Self-compassion and dispositional mindfulness are associated with parenting styles and parenting stress: The mediating role of mindful parenting. Mindfulness, 7(3), 700–712. doi: 10.1007/s12671-016-0507-y.

Harrington, D. (2009). Confirmatory factor analysis. Oxford University Press.

Hendriati, A., & Okvitawanli, A. (2019). Challenges of parenting in an urban setting. Psychological Research on Urban Society, 2(1), 36–43. doi: 10.7454/proust.v2i1.43.

Jones, L., Hastings, R. P., Totsika, V., Keane, L., & Rhule, N. (2014). Child behavior problems and parental well-being in families of children with autism: The mediating role of mindfulness and acceptance. American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 119(2), 171–185. doi: 10.1352/1944-7558-119.2.171.

Kabat-Zinn, M., & Kabat-Zinn, J. (1997). Everyday blessings: The inner work of mindful parenting. Hyperion.

Kim, E., Krägeloh, C. U., Medvedev, O. N., Duncan, L. G., & Singh, N. N. (2019). Interpersonal mindfulness in parenting scale: Testing the psychometric properties of a Korean version. Mindfulness, 10(3), 516–528. doi: 10.1007/s12671-018-0993-1.

Kumalasari, D., & Fourianalistyawati, E. (2020). The role of mindful parenting to the parenting stress in mothers with children at early age. Jurnal Psikologi, 19(2), 135–142. doi: 10.14710/jp.19.2.135-142.

Kumalasari, D., Gani, I. A. A., & Fourianalistyawati, E. (2022). Adaptation and psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of parental stress scale. Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat, 9(2), 332–353. doi: 10.24854/jpu527.

Lenroot, R. K., & Giedd, J. N. (2006). Brain development in children and adolescents: Insights from anatomical magnetic resonance imaging. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 30(6), 718–729. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2006.06.001.

Lo, H. H. M., Yeung, J. W. K., Duncan, L. G., Ma, Y., Siu, A. F. Y., Chan, S. K. C., Choi, C. W., Szeto, M. P., Chow, K. K. W., & Ng, S. M. (2018). Validating of the interpersonal mindfulness in parenting scale in Hong Kong Chinese. Mindfulness, 9(5), 1390–1401. doi: 10.1007/s12671-017-0879-7.

McCaffrey, S., Reitman, D., & Black, R. (2017). Mindfulness in parenting questionnaire (MIPQ): Development and validation of a measure of mindful parenting. Mindfulness, 8(1), 232–246. doi: 10.1007/s12671-016-0596-7.

Mindell, J. A., Li, A. M., Sadeh, A., Kwon, R., & Goh, D. Y. T. (2015). Bedtime routines for young children: A dose-dependent association with sleep outcomes. Sleep, 38(5), 717–722. doi: 10.5665/sleep.4662.

Moreira, H., & Canavarro, M. C. (2017). Psychometric properties of the interpersonal mindfulness in parenting scale in a sample of Portuguese mothers. Mindfulness, 8(3), 691–706. doi: 10.1007/s12671-016-0647-0.

Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). Tata Mcgraw-Hill Ed.

Papalia, D. E., & Martorell, G. (2021). Experience human development (13th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.

Petit, D., Touchette, E., Tremblay, R. E., Boivin, M., & Montplaisir, J. (2007). Dyssomnias and parasomnias in early childhood. Pediatrics, 119(5), e1016–e1025. doi: 10.1542/peds.2006-2132.

Potharst, E. S., Aktar, E., Rexwinkel, M., Rigterink, M., & Bögels, S. M. (2017). Mindful with your baby: Feasibility, acceptability, and effects of a mindful parenting group training for mothers and their babies in a mental health context. Mindfulness, 8(5), 1236–1250. doi: 10.1007/s12671-017-0699-9.

Prihandini, G. R. (2019). Pengembangan alat ukur mindful parenting untuk orang tua dari remaja di Indonesia. Jurnal Psikogenesis, 7(2), 215–227. doi: 10.24854/jps.v7i2.783.

Ren, Y., Hu, X., Han, Z. R., Yang, X., & Li, M. (2020). Mindful parenting and parenting practices in Chinese families of children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29(2), 559–571. doi: 10.1007/s10826-019-01549-8.

Royuela-Colomer, E., Orue, I., Visu-Petra, L., & Fernández-González, L. (2024). The Association between Mindful Parenting, and Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms in Adolescence. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 33(6), 1844–1856. doi: 10.1007/s10826-023-02704-y.

Sadeh, A., Tikotzky, L., & Scher, A. (2010). Parenting and infant sleep. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 14(2), 89–96. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2009.05.003.

Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Test of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8, 23–74.

Toga, A. W., Thompson, P. M., & Sowell, E. R. (2006). Mapping brain maturation. Trends in Neurosciences, 29(3), 148–159. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2006.01.007.

Download

Plum Print visual indicator of research metrics
PlumX Metrics
  • Usage
    • Abstract Views: 11
    • Downloads: 11
see details

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.