Histodynamics of Natural Killer Cells from a Healthy Donor Exposed to Exosomes from the Blood of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients

Authors

Indria Asrinda, Departement of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Bengkulu, Bengkulu 38225, IndonesiaFollow
Radiana Dhewayani Antarianto, Departement of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, IndonesiaFollow
Ahmad Aulia Jusuf, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, IndonesiaFollow
Ardhi Rahman Ahani, Division of Medical Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, IndonesiaFollow
Chyntia Olivia Maurine Jasirwan, Division of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, IndonesiaFollow
Ni Ken Ritchie, Indonesian Red Cross Blood Transfusion Unit, Jakarta 12630, IndonesiaFollow
Robby Nur Aditya, Indonesian Red Cross Blood Transfusion Unit, Jakarta 12630, IndonesiaFollow
Cosphiadi Irawan, Division of Medical Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, IndonesiaFollow

ORCID ID

Indria Asrinda: 0009-0009-4403-5583

Radiana Dhewayani Antarianto: 0000-0002-8578-7505

Ahmad Aulia Jusuf: 0000-0002-1061-5813

Ardhi Rahman Ahani: 0000-0002-6286-204X

Chyntia Olivia Maurine Jasirwan: 0000-0001-5950-8245

Ni Ken Ritchie: 0000-0003-2644-8885

Robby Nur Aditya: 0009-0008-6944-4829

Cosphiadi Irawan: 0000-0003-4389-3219

Abstract

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading form of liver cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Exosomes in the HCC microenvironment can induce significant changes in natural killer (NK) cells during endocytosis. The present study aimed to distinguish exosomes in the blood of HCC patients, analyze changes in NK cell phenotype, and evaluate peroxidase and toluidine blue staining as alternative methods for observing the changes.

Methods: NK cells were collected from healthy donors, and exosomes were extracted from the blood of HCC patients. The exosomes were characterized in accordance with MISEV 2018 guidelines, and NK cells were incubated with HCC-derived exosomes. NK cell phenotype changes were assessed using immunofluorescence, toluidine blue staining, and peroxidase staining.

Results: The identified exosomes measured 34.7 nm, had a charge of −4.33 mV, and were positive for CD81+. Changes in NK cell receptor expression following exposure to HCC exosomes were not significant (p > 0.05). Immunofluorescence confirmed exosome endocytosis by NK cells, toluidine blue staining revealed negative metachromasia and peroxidase staining indicated morphological NK cell changes.

Conclusions: This study demonstrates that peroxidase and toluidine blue staining are effective for observing exosome endocytosis in NK cells, enhancing our understanding of HCC exosome-NK cell interactions and beneficial in developing future therapeutic strategies targeting the HCC microenvironment.

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Recommended Citation

Asrinda I, Antarianto RD, Jusuf AA, Ahani AR, Jasirwan CO, Ritchie NK, et al. Histodynamics of Natural Killer Cells from a Healthy Donor Exposed to Exosomes from the Blood of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients. Makara J Health Res. 2024;28.

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