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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of ESG score and its pillars (environmental, social, and governance score), as a proxy of sustainable companies, on working capital requirements (WCR) and cash conversion cycle (CCC) of Indonesian listing companies for the period 2015-2020. The ESG and pillar scores are obtained from the Thomson Reuters Refinitiv Eikon terminal. The research covers 29 non-financial listed companies in Indonesia in the six years with a total of 174 observations through the purposive sampling technique. This study finds that on average non-financial companies in Indonesia use a conservative working capital strategy which makes the company's working capital too large. Based on balance panel data and the robust OLS method, the result shows that ESG and its pillars can be a determinant in working capital. ESG, environmental pillars, and social pillars scores can reduce working capital requirements and shorten cash conversion cycles. Meanwhile, the governance pillar score does not affect working capital. Hence, ESG, environmental pillars, and social pillars can encourage companies to have lower working capital requirements and shorter cash conversion cycles so that companies with high ESG performance tend to use aggressive working capital strategies and turn the business operates more efficiently. Thus, ESG can lead to resource advantage and be a signal of company efficiency.

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Bahasa Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh nilai ESG dan setiap pilarnya (pilar lingkungan, sosial, dan tata kelola), sebagai proksi perusahaan berkelanjutan, dengan kebutuhan modal kerja (WCR) dan siklus konversi kas (CCC) perusahaan terdaftar Indonesia periode 2015-2020. Nilai ESG dan pilarnya didapatkan dari terminal Thomson Reuters Refinitiv Eikon. Pengujian dilakukan pada 29 perusahaan non-finansial terdaftar di Indonesia selama enam tahun dengan total 174 observasi yang diperoleh melalui teknik purposive sampling. Ditemukan bahwa rata-rata perusahaan non-finansial di Indonesia menggunakan strategi modal kerja konservatif yang membuat modal kerja perusahaan terlalu besar. Hasil penelitian dengan data panel balance dan metode OLS robust menemukan bahwa ESG dan pilarnya dapat menjadi determinan dalam modal kerja. Nilai ESG, pilar lingkungan, dan pilar sosial dapat menurunkan kebutuhan modal kerja dan memperpendek siklus konversi kas. Sementara, nilai pilar tata kelola tidak berpengaruh pada modal kerja. Untuk itu, ESG, pilar lingkungan, dan pilar sosial dapat mendorong perusahaan untuk memiliki kebutuhan modal kerja yang lebih rendah dan siklus konversi kas yang lebih pendek sehingga perusahaan dengan performa ESG tinggi cenderung menggunakan strategi modal kerja agresif agar operasional bisnis berjalan lebih efisien. Dengan demikian, ESG dapat mendorong keunggulan sumber daya dan memberikan sinyal efisiensi perusahaan.

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