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Abstract

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Bahasa Abstract

Studi ini menelaah eksistensi disparitas pendapatan regional di Indonesia. Dengan mempergunakan kerangka teori pertumbuhan neoklasik dan teori pertumbuhan endogen, studi ini menemukan bahwa tingkat konvergensi regional di Indonesia adalah rendah. Perbedaan dalam tingkat pertumbuhan secara sistematis dapat dijelaskan oleh sejumlah variabel penjelas.

Perlakuan regresi yang mengizinkan fungsi produksi berbeda-beda untuk setiap perekonomian, menghasilkan estimasi kecepatan konvergensi yangjauh lebih tinggi. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa perbedaan tingkat tekologi antar propinsi adalah besar. Jika perbedaan dalam tingkat tekologi antar propinsi ini menghilang, maka konvergensi akan terjadi secara cepat.

Dengan analisa konvergensi tekologi, studi ini menemukan bahwa mekanisme utama yang berada dibalik konvergensi regional adalah pengejaran TFP (Total Factor Productivity). Peranan pengejaran TFP ini jauh lebih dominan dibandingkan dengan akumulasi faktor.Dengan pendekatan transfer tekologi, studi ini membedakan antara konvergensi yang dihasilkan dari akumulasifaktor dan konvergensi yang dihasilkan dari transfer tekologi. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa transfer tekologi memainkan peranan tidak kecil dalam konvergensi di Indonesia.

Hal ini menegaskan temuan sebelumnya bahwa perbedaan tingkat tekologi antar propinsi adalah sangat lebar. Bila perbedaan ini menghilang, maka kita berharap bahwa transfer tekologi akan berjalan jauh lebih cepat. Transfer tekologi yang lebih cepat ini akan membawa pada konvergensi pendapatan yang juga lebih cepat.

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