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Abstract

The COVID-19 vaccination is considered crucial for controlling the pandemic and accelerating economic recovery. However, empirical evidence on the impact of vaccination on health and the economy at the district/city level in Indonesia remains limited. This study aims to analyze the impact of vaccination on health outcomes and economic conditions. The methodology used is a fixed effect model with monthly panel data on vaccination and health outcomes (positivity rate and recovery), as well as annual data on per capita expenditure in 514 districts/cities from January 2021 to December 2022. The results show that the first dose of vaccination significantly reduces the positivity rate, increases recovery rates, and enhances per capita expenditure. Furthermore, the second dose of vaccination sustains these positive effects, underscoring the importance of complete vaccination doses.

Bahasa Abstract

Vaksinasi COVID-19 dianggap penting untuk mengendalikan pandemi dan mempercepat pemulihan ekonomi. Namun, bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh vaksinasi terhadap kesehatan dan ekonomi di tingkat kabupaten/kota di Indonesia masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh vaksinasi terhadap hasil kesehatan dan kondisi ekonomi masyarakat. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah fixed effect model dengan data panel bulanan vaksinasi dan hasil kesehatan (positivity rate dan recovery), serta data tahunan tentang pengeluaran per kapita pada 514 kabupaten/kota selama Januari 2021 hingga Desember 2022. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan vaksinasi dosis pertama berpengaruh signifikan menurunkan positivity rate, meningkatkan pemulihan kasus, serta pengeluaran per kapita. Selanjutnya, vaksinasi dosis kedua mempertahankan efek positif ini, menegaskan pentingnya vaksinasi dosis lengkap.

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