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Abstract

Obesity is the accumulation of excessive body fat and increases the risk of various non-communicable diseases. Obesity prevalence among FPH UI students based on health examination data in 2022-2024 has reached 13.6%, exceeding the public health concern threshold and requiring more accurate measurement than Body Mass Index. This study aimed to determine the relationship between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption frequency and energy intake with obesity incidence based on body fat percentage among 147 FPH UI students in 2025. This cross-sectional study utilized the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) based on NOVA classification to assess UPF intake. Body fat percentage was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) to determine obesity status. Results showed a 12.9% prevalence of obesity. Approximately 51% of respondents had a high frequency of UPF consumption and 46.3% had a high UPF energy intake. Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between obesity and both UPF consumption frequency (p=0.034; OR=3.075) and UPF energy intake (p=0.010; OR=3.837). This study shows that high UPF consumption, in terms of both frequency and energy is significantly associated with obesity among college students. Nutritional education and interventions are necessary to reduce UPF intake and prevent obesity in the university environment.

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Bahasa Abstract

Obesitas adalah penumpukan lemak tubuh yang berlebihan dan meningkatkan risiko berbagai penyakit tidak menular. Prevalensi obesitas di kalangan mahasiswa FKM UI berdasarkan data pemeriksaan kesehatan mahasiswa baru pada tahun 2022–2024 telah mencapai 13,6%, melampaui ambang batas masalah kesehatan masyarakat dan memerlukan pengukuran yang lebih akurat daripada Indeks Massa Tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara frekuensi konsumsi makanan ultra-olahan (UPF) dan asupan energi dengan kejadian obesitas berdasarkan persentase lemak tubuh pada 147 mahasiswa FKM UI pada tahun 2025. Penelitian potong lintang ini menggunakan Kuesioner Frekuensi Makanan Semi-Kuantitatif (SQ-FFQ) berdasarkan klasifikasi NOVA untuk menilai asupan UPF. Persentase lemak tubuh diukur menggunakan Analisis Impedansi Bioelektrik (BIA) untuk menentukan status obesitas. Hasil menunjukkan prevalensi obesitas sebesar 12,9%. Sekitar 51% responden memiliki frekuensi konsumsi UPF yang tinggi dan 46,3% memiliki asupan energi UPF yang tinggi. Analisis statistik menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara obesitas dan baik frekuensi konsumsi UPF (p=0,034; OR=3,075) dan asupan energi UPF (p=0,010; OR=3,837). Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi UPF yang tinggi, baik dari segi frekuensi maupun energi, secara signifikan terkait dengan peningkatan risiko obesitas pada mahasiswa. Pendidikan gizi dan intervensi diperlukan untuk mengurangi asupan UPF dan mencegah obesitas di lingkungan kampus.

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