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Abstract

Obesity is a major risk factor for chronic diseases and early mortality. Although dietary counseling is essential in managing obesity, maintaining a calorie deficit and preventing weight regain remain difficult. Functional foods like high-protein, high-fiber meal replacements may enhance adherence and support weight loss. This randomized controlled trial evaluated the subjective outcomes of a weight loss program incorporating a protein- and fiber-enriched meal replacement among 73 overweight women aged 20–30 years. Participants were randomized to an intervention group (n=38), receiving dietary counseling plus one daily meal replacement, or a control group (n=35), receiving counseling alone. Both groups followed an 8-week calorie-restricted diet. Only 39 participants completed the study. The intervention group lost significantly more weight (-3.4 kg) compared to the control group (-2.4 kg), after adjusting for confounders (p=0.047). While perceived health benefits and challenges were similar across groups, more intervention participants reported reduced fatigue and greater ease in following the program. The most cited advantages of meal replacement were convenience, reduced hunger, easier intake tracking, and better bowel movements. Mild gastrointestinal symptoms, such as bloating and constipation, were noted in both groups. These findings suggest that high-protein, high-fiber meal replacements may offer a practical and acceptable aid in short-term weight loss efforts.

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Bahasa Abstract

Obesitas merupakan faktor risiko utama berbagai penyakit kronis dan kematian dini. Meskipun konseling diet merupakan komponen penting dalam penanganan obesitas, mempertahankan defisit kalori dan mencegah kenaikan berat badan kembali tetap menjadi tantangan. Makanan fungsional seperti pengganti makan tinggi protein dan serat berpotensi meningkatkan kepatuhan dan mendukung penurunan berat badan. Penelitian ini merupakan uji acak terkontrol yang bertujuan mengevaluasi hasil subjektif dari program penurunan berat badan yang mengombinasikan pengganti makan tinggi protein dan serat pada 73 perempuan kelebihan berat badan usia 20–30 tahun. Peserta dibagi menjadi dua kelompok: kelompok intervensi (n=38) yang menerima konseling gizi dan satu porsi meal replacement per hari, serta kelompok kontrol (n=35) yang hanya menerima konseling. Kedua kelompok menjalani diet rendah kalori selama 8 minggu. Sebanyak 39 peserta menyelesaikan studi ini. Penurunan berat badan lebih besar terjadi pada kelompok intervensi (-3.4 kg) dibanding kontrol (-2.4 kg), setelah disesuaikan dengan faktor perancu (p=0.047). Meskipun tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam persepsi manfaat kesehatan atau kesulitan program, lebih banyak peserta intervensi melaporkan kelelahan yang berkurang dan kemudahan dalam mengikuti program. Manfaat utama pengganti makan adalah kepraktisan, diikuti dengan penguranga rasa lapar, kemudahan memantau asupan, dan perbaikan buang air besar. Efek samping ringan seperti kembung dan sembelit dilaporkan pada kedua kelompok.

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