•  
  •  
 

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Abstract

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a methodology used to evaluate potential environmental impacts in various industry sectors, including the oil and gas industry to quantify the environmental impacts and determine the processes that have significant impacts along their production cycle. This environmental impact study adheres to ISO 14040:2016 and 14044:2017 standards, using the ReCiPe methodology within a gate-to-gate scope to analyze potential environmental impacts of 1 MMSCFD natural gas production. The impact categories analyzed in this study are Global Warming Potential (GWP), Particulate Matter Formation (PM), Ozone Formation (OF), and Terrestrial Acidification (TA). The results of this study identified several activities and processes in production cycle that can be categorized as hotspots: (1) Emissions from the Waste Heat Boiler and Thermal Oxidizer process to oxidize acid and permeate gas, (2) Emissions from the electricity generator unit, (3) Emissions from the compressor unit, and (4) Emissions from flaring activities related to safety operations. The quantified impacts of each category are GWP (3,555 kg CO2-eq), PM (0.52 kg PM2.5-eq), OF (3.36 kg NOx-eq), and TA (1.72 kg SO2-eq). This study maps the environmental impacts of natural gas production cycle, helping to identify further improvements for reducing potential environmental impacts.

References

Arba, Y & Thamrin, S 2022, ‘Journal Review: Perbandingan Pemodelan Perangkat Lunak Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) untuk Teknologi Energi’, Jurnal Energi Baru dan Terbarukan, 3(2), pp.142-153.

Baskoro, A & Riastuti, R 2024, ‘Development of 485 MPa Class High Strength Low Alloy Steel for Power Plant InfClimatrastructures’, Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings, 3(1), pp.45-52.

Climate Transparency 2022, Climate Transparency Report: Indonesia. Accessed 19 January 2024, (https://www.climate-transparency.org).

Colorado, A, McDonell, V & Samuelsen, S 2017, ‘Direct emissions of nitrous oxide from combustion of gaseous fuels’, international journal of hydrogen energy, 42(1), pp.711-719.

Energy Institute 2022, Statistical Review of World Energy. Accessed 19 January 2024, (https://www.energyinst.org).

Environmental Protection Agency 2022, AP-42: Compilation of Air Emissions Factors from Stationary Sources.

Fatriansyah, J F, Nurullia, Z N, Federico, A & Priadi, D 2023a, ‘Development of Dynamic Risk-Based Inspection Using Forward Difference Approach for Pipe Failure Due to Uniform Corrosion’, Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings, 2(1), pp.35-42.

Fatriansyah, J F, Thaqia, A D, Rohman, M S, Hartoyo, F & Dhaneswara, D 2023, ‘Deep learning for life cycle assessment (LCA) score prediction on plastic bottle packaging products’, In AIP Conference Proceedings, 2901(1).

Friedlingstein, P, O’Sullivan, M, Jones, M W, Andrew, R M, Gregor, L, Hauck, J, Le Quéré, C, Luijkx, I T, Olsen, A, Peters, G P & Peters, W 2022, ‘Global Carbon Budget 2022’, Earth System Science Data, 14(11), pp.4811-4900.

Gade, A L, Hauschild, M Z & Laurent, A 2021, ‘Globally differentiated effect factors for characterising terrestrial acidification in life cycle impact assessment’, Science of the Total Environment, 761, PP.143280.

Iswara, A P, Farahdiba, A U, Nadhifatin, E N, Pirade, F, Andhikaputra, G, Muflihah, I & Boedisantoso, R 2020, ‘A comparative study of life cycle impact assessment using different software programs’, In IOP conference series: earth and environmental science, 506(1), pp.012002.

Karn, S K & Demiroglu, N 2023, ‘A Theoretical Study on Energy of a Gaseous System Vis-a-Vis Mass and Temperature’, Journal of Electronics Cooling and Thermal Control, 12(1), pp.1-8.

Khairulin, S R, Kerzhentsev, M A, Salnikov, A V & Ismagilov, Z R 2021, ‘Basic technologies of direct catalytic oxidation of H2S to sulfur’, In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1749(1), pp.012027.

Lee, K M & Inaba, A 2004, Life cycle assessment: best practices of ISO 14040 series, Center for Ecodesign and LCA (CEL), Ajou University.

Muhyinsyah, A, Witono, J A & Santosa, E 2021, ‘Life cycle assessment of natural gas and crude oil: case study in PT Pertamina Hulu Mahakam–BSP Site’, In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 753(1), pp.012037.

Pritasari, S 2023, ‘Kajian Dampak Proses Produksi Natural Gas Terhadap Lingkungan Pada Sebuah Perusahaan Minyak dan Gas dengan Menggunakan Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)’, Naturalis: Jurnal Penelitian Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam dan Lingkungan, 12(1), pp.33-40.

Muhamad, R, Sari, H H & Ellyna, C 2022, ‘Life cycle assessment of natural gas production in Indonesia’, Journal of Sustainability Science and Management, 17(2), pp.136-157.

Roy, P O, Azevedo, L B, Margni, M, van Zelm, R, Deschênes, L & Huijbregts, M A 2014, ‘Characterization factors for terrestrial acidification at the global scale: A systematic analysis of spatial variability and uncertainty’, Science of the Total Environment, 500, pp.270-276.

Smil, V 2016, Energy Transition: Global and National Perspectives. Accessed 18 January 2024, (https://vaclavsmil.com/2016/12/14/energy-transitions-global-and-national-perspectives-second-expanded-and-updated-edition/).

Wu, Y & Su, D 2020, ‘Review of life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) methods and inventory databases’, Sustainable Product Development: Tools, Methods and Examples, pp.39-55.

van Zelm, R, Preiss, P, van Goethem, T, Van Dingenen, R & Huijbregts, M 2016, ‘Regionalized life cycle impact assessment of air pollution on the global scale: Damage to human health and vegetation’, Atmospheric Environment, 134, pp.129-137.

Zhao, Y, Li, Y, Kumar, A, Ying, Q, Vandenberghe, F & Kleeman, M J 2022, ‘Separately resolving NOx and VOC contributions to ozone formation’, Atmospheric Environment, 285, pp.119224.

Download

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.