•  
  •  
 

Abstract

Working but still in poverty, is one of the phenomena of poor workers where they continue to work but their work does not guarantee them a better life. This study uses the concept of poverty from a monetary and multidimensional perspective. This study uses data from the March 2018 National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas) and 2018 Village Potential Survey (Podes), and uses logistic regression to analyze whether the phenomenon of the working poor is a multidimensional poverty problem. The results of the study stated that poor workers have a close relationship with low education, millennial/young workers, a single parent, employees, a high number of jobs, do not have any health insurance, do not have access to information and communication technology, are not reachable by banking facilities, and migrant.

Bahasa Abstract

Bekerja tetapi tetap dalam kemiskinan adalah salah satu fenomena pekerja miskin, yang mana para pekerja terus bekerja, akan tetapi pekerjaannya tidak menggaransi para pekerja tersebut memperoleh kehidupan yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep kemiskinan dari sisi moneter dan multidimensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) Maret 2018 dan Survei Potensi Desa (Podes) 2018, serta menggunakan regresi logistik untuk menganalisis apakah fenomena pekerja miskin ini merupakan permasalahan kemiskinan multidimensi. Hasil penelitian menyatakan pekerja miskin memiliki keterkaitan yang erat dengan pendidikan yang rendah, pekerja milenial/muda, seorang single parent, karyawan, jumlah kerja yang tinggi, tidak memiliki jaminan kesehatan, tidak memiliki akses informasi komunikasi dan teknologi, tidak terjangkau fasilitas perbankan, dan berstatus migran.

References

[1] Alkire, S., & Foster, J. (2011). Counting and multidimensional poverty measurement. Journal of Public Economics, 95(7-8), 476-487. doi: https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2010.11.006.

[2] Álvarez-Gamboa, J., Cabrera-Barona, P., & Jácome- Estrella, H. (2021). Financial inclusion and multidimensional poverty in Ecuador: A spatial approach. World Development Perspectives, 22, 100311. doi: https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2021.100311.

[3] Baker, R. S. (2015). The changing association among marriage, work, and child poverty in the United States, 1974–2010. Journal of Marriage and Family, 77(5), 1166-1178. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.12216.

[4] Bodea, G., & Herman, E. (2014). Factors behind working poverty in Romania. Procedia Economics and Finance, 15, 711-720. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(14)00544-9.

[5] BPS. (2017). Data dan informasi kemiskinan kabupaten/kota tahun 2016. Badan Pusat Statistik.

[6] BPS. (2018a). Data dan informasi kemiskinan kabupaten/kota tahun 2017. Badan Pusat Statistik.

[7] BPS. (2018b). Indikator pasar tenaga kerja Indonesia Agustus 2018. Badan Pusat Statistik.

[8] BPS. (2019a). Data dan informasi kemiskinan kabupaten/kota tahun 2018. Badan Pusat Statistik.

[9] BPS. (2019b). Data dan informasi kemiskinan kabupaten/kota tahun 2019. Badan Pusat Statistik.

[10] BPS. (2020). Data dan informasi kemiskinan kabupaten/kota tahun 2020. Badan Pusat Statistik.

[11] BPS. (2021). Data dan informasi kemiskinan kabupaten/kota tahun 2021. Badan Pusat Statistik.

[12] BPS. (2022). Data dan informasi kemiskinan kabupaten/kota tahun 2022. Badan Pusat Statistik.

[13] Bryson, A., & Freeman, R. B. (2013). Employee perceptions of working conditions and the desire for worker representation in Britain and the US. Journal of Labor Research, 34, 1-29. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12122-012-9152-y.

[14] Cheung, K. C. K., & Chou, K. L. (2016). Working poor in Hong Kong. Social Indicators Research, 129, 317-335. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-015-1104-5.

[15] Di Gropello, E., Kruse, A., & Tandon, P. (2011). Skills for the labor market in Indonesia: trends in demand, gaps, and supply. The World Bank.

[16] Faharuddin, F., & Endrawati, D. (2022). Determinants of working poverty in Indonesia. Journal of Economics and Development, 24(3), 230-246. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/jed- 09-2021-0151.

[17] Feder, J., & Yu, D. (2020). Employed yet poor: lowwage employment and working poverty in South Africa. Development Southern Africa, 37(3), 363-381. doi: https:// doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2019.1597682.

[18] Filandri, M., & Struffolino, E. (2019). Individual and household in-work poverty in Europe: understanding the role of labor market characteristics. European Societies, 21(1), 130-157. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616696.2018.1536800.

[19] Gammarano, R. (2019). The working poor - or how a job is no guarantee of decent living conditions: A study based on ILO’s global estimates of employment by economic class. ILOSTAT: Spotlight on Work Statistics, No. 6. International Labour Organisation. Diakses 22 Maret 2023 dari https://www.ilo.org/global/statistics-and-databases/ publications/WCMS_696387/lang--en/index.htm.

[20] Gangopadhyay, P., Shankar, S., & Rahman, M. A. (2014). Working poverty, social exclusion and destitution: An empirical study. Economic Modelling, 37, 241-250. doi: https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2013.11.001.

[21] Garcia-Mora, F., & Mora-Rivera, J. (2023). Exploring the impacts of Internet access on poverty: A regional analysis of rural Mexico. New Media & society, 25(1), 26-49. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448211000650.

[22] Kusuma, G.W. (2021). Determinan pekerja miskin di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan tahun 2020 dengan regresi multilevel logistik biner. Jurnal Statistika dan Aplikasinya, 5(2), 198-207. doi: https://doi.org/10.21009/jsa.05208.

[23] Nieuwenhuis, R., & Maldonado, L. C. (2017). Single-parent families and in-work poverty. LIS Working Papers, 687. Luxembourg Income Study (LIS) Cross-National Data Center. Diakses 22 Maret 2023 dari http://www.lisdatacenter. org/wps/liswps/687.pdf.

[24] Oranga, J., Obuba, E., & Nyakundi, E. (2020). Education as an instrument of poverty eradication in Kenya: successes and challenges. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 8(9), 410-424. doi: 10.4236/jss.2020.89031.

[25] Pangestu, I. M. (2019). Fenomena pekerja miskin dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi persentase pekerja miskin di Indonesia tahun 2015-2018. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pembangunan, 8(1), 62-74.doi: https:// doi.org/10.29244/jekp.v8i1.26691.

[26] Parolin, Z., & Lee, E. K. (2022). Economic precarity among single parents in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 702(1), 206-223. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/00027162221122682.

[27] Pratomo, D. S. (2016). How does the minimum wage affect employment statuses of youths?: evidence of Indonesia. Journal of Economic Studies, 43(2), 259-274. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/JES-07-2014-0131.

[28] Ramadhani, F., & Putra, F. S. (2019). Having a Job is not enough to escape poverty: case of Indonesian working poors. IPTEK Journal of Proceedings Series, (6), 58-64. doi: https://doi.org/10.12962/j23546026.y2019i6.6342.

[29] Remler, D. K., Korenman, S. D., & Hyson, R. T. (2017). Estimating the effects of health insurance and other social programs on poverty under the Affordable Care Act. Health Affairs, 36(10), 1828-1837. doi: https:// doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0331.

[30] Ruhyana, N. F., & Essa,W. Y. (2020). Opportunities of using information and communication technology in reducing poverty. JEJAK: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan, 13(2), 319-331. doi: https://doi.org/10.15294/jejak.v13i2.25036.

[31] Salam, A., & Hermanto, H. (2020). Financial Inclusion effect on core poverty during the pandemic period in East Java. Jurnal Aplikasi Statistika & Komputasi Statistik, 12(3), 143-156. doi: https://doi.org/10.34123/jurnalasks.v14i1.394.

[32] Salam, A., Pratomo, D. S., & Saputra, P. M. A. (2022). Analisis kemiskinan pada rumah tangga di Jawa Timur melalui pendekatan multidimensi dan moneter. Jurnal Kependudukan Indonesia, 16(2), 127-138. doi: https:// doi.org/10.14203/jki.v16i2.480.

[33] Zhai, S., Yuan, S., & Dong, Q. (2021). The impact of health insurance on poverty among rural older adults: an evidence from nine counties of western China. International Journal for Equity in Health, 20, 47. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939- 021-01379-5.

[34] Zulfachri, B., Som, A. P. M., & Amin,W. A. A.W. M. (2017). Pengaruh migrasi risen terhadap tingkat kesejahteraan di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Jurnal Samudra Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 8(2), 689-699. doi: https://doi.org/10.33059/jseb.v8i2.427.

Download

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.