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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of political competition on health budgets in Indonesia. The analysis was conducted using a fixed-effects panel data regression approach for Indonesia’s regencies and municipalities between 2009 and 2019. To obtain robust results, this study uses three different measures of political competition, namely the Multiparty Margin Index, the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), and the Effective Number of Parties (ENP) Index. The estimation results show that only legislative political competition has a significant and consistent negative effect on the health budget, it is similar to the Leviathan Model theory.

Bahasa Abstract

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh persaingan politik terhadap anggaran kesehatan di Indonesia. Analisis dilakukan dengan pendekatan regresi data panel model fixed effect pada kabupaten dan kota di Indonesia tahun 2009–2019. Agar mendapatkan efek robust atau melihat konsistensi hasil analisis, penelitian ini menggunakan tiga formula indeks persaingan politik, yaitu indeks multiparty margin, Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), dan indeks effective number of party (ENP). Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa hanya persaingan politik legislatif yang secara signifikan dan konsisten berpengaruh negatif terhadap anggaran kesehatan, serupa dengan teori model Leviathan.

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