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Abstract

A cough is a protective physiological mechanism that is useful for removing and clearing the respiratory tract from sputum and foreign particles that can cause infection. Treatments for cough disorders using medicinal plants were conducted because medicinal plants were widely known to have less side effects than synthetic drugs. Basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum L.) and red betel leaves (Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav) have been used traditionally to treat a cough. The purpose of this study was to determine the mucolytic activity, and the effective concentration of the combination of basil and red betel leaves ethanol extract. The mucolytic activity was performed by measuring the decrease of viscosity of mucous from the cow intestinal mucosa. Mucolytic activity was evaluated upon treatment by each extract (concentration 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1%) and the combination of both. Results showed that ethanol extract of basil leaves or ethanol extract of red betel leaves could reduce viscosity of artificial sputum at the dose of 0.5% each. Moreover, the combination of these extracts synergistically decreases the viscosity. Combination of ethanol extract of basil leaves and red betel can be an alternative medicine for cough treatment.

Bahasa Abstract

Batuk merupakan suatu mekanisme fisiologi protektif yang bermanfaat untuk mengeluarkan dan membersihkan saluran pernapasan dari dahak dan partikel asing yang dapat menimbulkan infeksi. Pengobatan gangguan batuk menggunakan tanaman obat diteliti karena tanaman obat mempunyai efek samping yang lebih kecil dibandingkan obat-obatan sintetis. Daun kemangi (Ocimum sanctum L.) dan daun sirih merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav) telah digunakan secara tradisional untuk mengobati batuk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas mukolitik serta konsentrasi efektif dari kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun kemangi dan ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah. Metode eksperimental yang dilakukan untuk menguji aktivitas mukolitik secara in vitro adalah dengan mengukur viskositas mukus dari mukosa usus sapi. Pengujian aktivitas mukolitik dilakukan terhadap masing-masing ekstrak (konsentrasi 0,1%, 0,5% dan 1%) dan kombinasinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun kemangi dan ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah mampu menurunkan viskositas mukus dari mukosa usus sapi secara signifikan terhadap kelompok normal pada konsentrasi masing-masing 0,5%. Kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun kemangi dengan ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah mampu secara sinergis meningkatkan aktivitas mukolitik dari masing-masing ekstrak, sehingga kombinasi ini dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pengobatan batuk.

References

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