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Abstract

Aloe vera is one of the typical plants found in Pontianak, West Kalimantan. This plant’s leaf peel is nontoxic and can be used as an antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agent. Nowadays, Aloe vera is one among 10 most popular plants in the world that have a potency to be developed as medicinal plant. This study aimed to determine antibacterial activity of the extract of Aloe vera leaf peel in liquid soap formulation against several pathogenic bacteria. Aloe vera leaf peel extract was prepared with maceration using ethanol. Then, it was formulated into a liquid soap. The soap was evaluated for its organoleptic, pH value, specific gravity, and foam height. Antibacterial activity assay of the liquid soap was carried out using diffusion method. The results showed that the characteristic of the liquid soap was viscous, yellowish white colored, and had distinctive smell of Aloe vera. The pH values on the day 0, 7 and 14 were 8; 8,9; and 9,4; respectively. The specific gravity was 1,033 g/ml. The foam height on minute 5, 10 and 15 were 76.92%, 19.23% and 19.23%, respectively. The liquid soap from the extract of Aloe vera leaf peel was found to have antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus cereus) and Gram negative bacteria (Salmonella typhimurium, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli).

Bahasa Abstract

Tanaman lidah buaya merupakan salah satu tanaman khas yang banyak ditemukan di daerah Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat. Tanaman ini mempunyai bagian kulit daun yang bersifat antibakteri, antiinflamasi, dan tidak toksik. Sampai saat ini, tanaman ini merupakan salah satu dari 10 tanaman terlaris di dunia yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai tanaman obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak kulit daun lidah buaya dalam formulasi sabun cair terhadap beberapa bakteri patogen. Ekstrak kulit daun lidah buaya dibuat dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol. Selanjutnya, ekstrak tersebut diformulasikan menjadi sediaan sabun cair. Evaluasi sediaan yang dilakukan meliputi pemeriksaan organoleptis, penentuan nilai pH, bobot jenis dan tinggi busa. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri sabun cair dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sabun yang dihasilkan berbentuk kental, berwarna putih kekuningan, berbau khas lidah buaya, pH pada hari ke-0, 7 dan 14 berturut-turut adalah 8; 8,9; dan 9,4, bobot jenis 1,033 g/ml, tinggi busa pada menit ke-5, 10 dan 15 adalah 76,92%, 19,23% dan 19,23%. Sabun cair ekstrak kulit daun lidah buaya memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap kelompok bakteri Gram positif (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, dan Bacillus cereus) dan bakteri Gram negatif (Salmonella typhimurium, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, dan Escherichia coli).

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