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Abstract

Breast cancer is one of deadliest diseases in world. Turmeric extract was known to have antiproliferative activity. To minimize its toxicity, turmeric extract was encapsulated with liposome, a vesicle lipid bilayer functioned as cancer drug carrier in body. This research aimed to determine encapsulation effect of turmeric ethanol extract against antiproliferative activity in T47D breast cancer cells through in vitro assay. Liposomes was made using thin layer method and particle size was reduced by extrusion. Materials used are phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and turmeric extract. Optimization of liposomes was made in three formulations with different concentrations of extract. Most optimal formulation was formulation with minimum amount of extract, judging from physical parameters which have smallest precipitates and longest settling time. Evaluation liposome particle size and zeta potential was used DLS, morphology was used TEM, and entrapment efficiency was used dialysis. Most optimal formulation was tested their antiproliferative activity compared with not encapsulated extracts used 3-(4,5-dimethylazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. There was decrease antiproliferative activity of encapsulated extracts. IC50 encapsulated extracts was 45.762 μg/ml and IC50 extracts was 36.399 μg/ml. Liposome particle size was below 445 nm. Zeta potential was -7.51 mV. Morphology was LUV and MVV. Entrapment efficiency was 63.80%. It could be concluded that encapsulation of turmeric extract into liposome could reduce its toxicity against cancer cells.

Bahasa Abstract

Kanker payudara merupakan salah satu penyakit mematikan di dunia. Ekstrak kunyit diketahui memiliki aktivitas antiproliferasi. Ekstrak kunyit dienkapsulasi dengan liposom, yaitu sebuah vesikel lipid bilayer yang berfungsi sebagai pembawa obat kanker dalam tubuh, untuk meminimalisasi toksisitasnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh enkapsulasi ekstrak etanol kunyit terhadap aktivitas antiproliferasi sel kanker payudara T47D secara in vitro. Liposom dibuat dengan metode lapis tipis dan dikecilkan ukuran partikelnya dengan ekstrusi. Bahan yang digunakan adalah fosfatidilkolin, kolesterol, dan ekstrak kunyit. Optimasi liposom dibuat dalam tiga formulasi dengan perbedaan konsentrasi ekstrak. Formulasi paling optimal adalah formulasi dengan jumlah ekstrak paling sedikit, dilihat dari parameter fisik, yaitu endapan paling halus dan waktu pengendapan paling lama. Liposom dievaluasi ukuran partikel dan potensial zetanya dengan DLS, morfologinya dengan TEM, dan efisiensi penjerapannya dengan dialisis. Formulasi paling optimal diuji aktivitas antiproliferasinya dan dibandingkan dengan ekstrak yang tidak dienkapsulasi liposom dengan metode 3-(4,5-dimetilazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazolium bromida (MTT). Hasilnya terdapat pengaruh penurunan aktivitas antiproliferasi ekstrak yang terenkapsulasi liposom. IC50 liposom ekstrak adalah 45,762 μg/ml dan IC50 ekstrak adalah 36,399 μg/ml. Ukuran partikel liposom adalah di bawah 445 nm. Potensial zeta liposom adalah -7,51 mV. Morfologi liposom adalah LUV dan MVV. Efisiensi penjerapan liposom adalah 63,80%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat dikatakan bahwa enkapsulasi ekstrak kunyit dalam liposom dapat mengurangi toksisitasnya terhadap sel kanker.

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