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Abstract

Free radical from cigarrete smoke cause lipid peroxidation that could be identified by increasing levels of Malondialdehida (MDA). Premna cordifolia leaves known having antioxidant activity in in vitro study. This study aimed to know the effect of P. cordifolia leaves extract on the levels of MDA after exposure to cigarette smoke. The simplicia extracted by maseration using 70% ethanol. Twenty four male wistar rats were divided into six groups, i.e. : control normal, negative control, positive control received cigarette smoke exposure and vitamin E (18mg/kg BW) and three groups received cigarette smoke exposure and P. cordifolia leaves extract with doses 200; 400; 600 mg/kg BW. All rats were treated for 14 days. Measurement of MDA level using Spectrophotometer UV-Vis in 532,2 nm. MDA levels in the normal group was 0.0094±0.080 ppm; negative group was 13,733±2,829 ppm; positive group was 0,051±0,045 ppm; dose 200; 400; 600 mg/kg BW were 9,142±2,364; 0,120±0,019; 0,053±0,041 ppm. The MDA level was analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test and following by Mann-Whitney test. The result showed that MDA level of group receiving P. cordifolia leaves extract significantly (p < 0,05) lower than negative control group. These result show P. cordifolia leaves extract can reducing the MDA level on the rats that exposed by cigarette smoke.

Bahasa Abstract

Radikal bebas asap rokok dapat menyebabkan peroksidasi lipid yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya kadar Malondialdehida (MDA). Daun Premna cordifolia diketahui memiliki aktivitas antioksidan secara in vitro. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun P. cordifolia terhadap kadar MDA tikus yang terpapar asap rokok. Simplisia diekstraksi secara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%. Sebanyak dua puluh empat tikus jantan galur wistar dibagi ke dalam enam kelompok perlakuan yaitu kontrol normal, kontrol negatif, kontrol postif yang diberi paparan asap rokok dan vitamin E (18mg/kgBB) dan tiga kelompok yang diberi paparan asap rokok dan ekstrak daun P. cordifolia dengan dosis 200; 400; 600 mg/kg BB. Perlakuan dilakukan selama 14 hari. Kadar MDA diukur menggunakan Spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 532,2 nm. Kadar MDA kontrol normal 0,0094±0,080 ppm; kontrol negatif 13,733±2,829 ppm; kontrol positif 0,051±0,045 ppm; dosis 200, 400 dan 600 mg/kgBW adalah 9,142±2,364; 0,120±0,019; 0,053±0,041 ppm. Analisis statistik kadar MDA menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Kadar MDA pada kelompok yang diberi ekstrak daun P. cordifolia secara signifikan (p > 0,05) lebih rendah dibandingkan kelompok negatif. Hasil ini menunjukkan ekstrak daun P. cordifolia dapat menurunkan kadar MDA pada tikus yang terpapar asap rokok.

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