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Abstract

Born as a Eurosceptic party in 2013, the Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) Party shifted its agenda to anti-refugee and anti-Islamic issues after the 2015 refugee crisis in Europe. This shift is evident in the discourse of traditional campaign posters distributed during the 2017 federal election in Germany. This article aims to map and conduct a critical discourse analysis of the refugee crisis issues constructed by the AfD Party through traditional campaign posters. The author argues that the AfD Party's anti-refugee and anti-Islam discourse is significantly influenced by factors such as interests, ideology, and social, economic, and political conditions. This research identifies four main driving factors for the AfD Party discourse: firstly, opposition to the European Union's refugee quota policy and Angela Merkel's Open Door Policy; secondly, distinctions between German identity and Islamic culture; then, concerns about increasing crime rates and the demographic crisis. Apart from prioritizing nativism, the AfD Party also constructs that refugees and Islam (they) are not part of Germany. The AfD party acts as a savior to overcome the German people's (us) concerns about foreign threats to German identity and traditions by raising public awareness and blaming the German government for its failure to handle this problem.

Bahasa Abstract

Terlahir sebagai partai euroskeptik pada tahun 2013, Partai Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) mulai menggeser agenda kepartaiannya untuk fokus pada isu-isu anti-pengungsi dan anti-Islam setelah krisis pengungsi di Eropa melanda pada tahun 2015. Kedua isu tersebut tertuang dalam wacana poster kampanye tradisional yang didistribusikan oleh Partai AfD selama pemilu federal tahun 2017 di Jerman. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memetakan serta melakukan analisis wacana kritis terhadap wacana berbasis isu krisis pengungsi yang dikonstruksikan oleh Partai AfD dalam bentuk poster kampanye tradisional. Penulis berargumen bahwa dibalik wacana anti-imigran dan anti-Islam yang dikonstruksikan oleh Partai AfD terdapat peran besar dari faktor kepentingan, ideologi, hingga dorongan kondisi sosial, ekonomi, dan politik. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa wacana Partai AfD didorong oleh empat faktor utama, yakni; penolakan terhadap kebijakan kuota pengungsi Uni Eropa dan Open Door Policy Angela Merkel, faktor perbedaan identitas Jerman dengan budaya Islam, kekhawatiran akan peningkatan angka kriminalitas, dan krisis demografi. Selain memprioritaskan nativisme, Partai AfD juga mengkonstruksikan bahwa pengungsi dan Islam (mereka) bukan merupakan bagian dari Jerman. Partai AfD berperan sebagai penyelamat untuk mengatasi kekhawatiran masyarakat Jerman (kami) dari ancaman pihak asing terhadap identitas serta tradisi Jerman lewat meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat dan menyalahkan pemerintah Jerman atas kegagalan penanganan masalah tersebut.

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