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Abstract

The unequal distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine worldwide is one of humanity's global challenges due to political factors entering and influencing the distribution of vaccines to countries worldwide. Vaccine-producing countries are fragmented into two sides: democratic and non-democratic countries. This article aims to answer how political factors can influence the distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine globally and which vaccine is the global favorite. This article uses vaccine politics theory as its basis and uses descriptive-comparative methods in the data analysis process. The results of this research found that there were indications that illiberal democratic practices were widespread during the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by the decision of the head of state to regulate the distribution of vaccines in their country, which tended to be authoritarian during the pandemic. Apart from that, vaccines produced by democratic countries are the favorite of the global community compared to vaccines produced by non-democratic countries. The transparency factor in the production process is the primary benchmark in assessing product quality in addition to the country of origin.

Bahasa Abstract

Ketimpangan distribusi vaksin COVID-19 di seluruh dunia merupakan salah satu tantangan global yang dihadapi oleh umat manusia. Hal tersebut dikarenakan adanya faktor politik yang masuk dan memengaruhi distribusi vaksin ke negara-negara di dunia. Negara produsen vaksin terfragmentasi menjadi dua kubu, negara demokratis dan non-demokratis. Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah untuk menjawab bagaimana faktor politik bisa memengaruhi distribusi vaksin COVID-19 secara global, dan vaksin mana yang menjadi primadona global. Artikel ini menggunakan teori vaccine politics sebagai landasannya dan menggunakan metode deskriptif-komparatif dalam proses analisis datanya. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terdapat indikasi bahwa praktik demokrasi illiberal marak terjadi ketika masa pandemi COVID-19 diikuti dengan keputusan kepala negara dalam mengatur persebaran vaksin di negaranya yang cenderung otoriter pada masa pandemi. Selain itu, vaksin produksi negara demokratis menjadi primadona masyarakat global dibanding vaksin produksi negara non-demokratis. Faktor transparansi dalam proses produksi menjadi tolok ukur utama dalam menilai kualitas produk disamping citra negara produsennya.

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