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Abstract

Natural resource management in the conflict area has raised a debate on how institutions adapt to conflict conditions. This paper utilizes Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework provided by Ratner by conducting a multi-case comparative specifying on the sub-national in Kachin (Myanmar) and Papua (Indonesia). The analysis focuses on how the institutional dynamics relate to collective action in the mining operation during the ongoing conflict. The empirical investigation shows that the different results occurred due to the diverse decentralization arrangement. The case in Kachin indicates some degree of difficulties in the decentralization arrangement. This condition raises the lack of transparency and participation, which implicates the unequal developments for local people. On the other hand, Papua’s case demonstrates the progress of systemic transformation and changing legal framework. The output reflected some improvements, though there is some degree of on its implementation.

Bahasa Abstract

Manajemen sumber daya alam di area konflik telah menjadi perdebatan para ilmuan terutama mengenai bagaimana institusi beradaptasi terhadap kondisi konflik. Tulisan ini menggunakan model kerangka Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) oleh Ratner et al. (2013) dengan metode komparasi multi kasus yang terfokus pada skala sub-nasional di Kachin (Myanmar) dan Papua (Indonesia). Analisis terfokus pada bagaimana hubungan antara dinamika institusi terhadap aksi kolektif dalam operasi pertambangan di tengah konflik. Investigasi empiris memperlihatkan bahwa perbedaan hasil di kedua kasus terjadi karena perbedaan proses desentralisasi. Kasus di Kachin menunjukkan adanya beberapa kesulitan dalam pengaturan desentralisasi. Kondisi ini menyebabkan kurangnya transparansi dan partisipasi, kemudian berimplikasi pada perkembangan yang tidak merata bagi masyarakat lokal. Sementara, kasus di Papua menunjukkan transformasi perubahan secara sistematis dan kerangka hukum. Hasilnya memperlihatkan bahwa operasi pertambangan di Papua memperlihatkan beberapa kemajuan, meskipun dalam implementasinya masih terdapat marginalisasi.

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