Current Status of Hydrothermal Treatment for Energy and Material Recovery Toward a Sustainable Post-consumer Material Cycle

Authors

Baskoro Lokahita, Department of Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 152-8552, JapanFollow
Muhammad Aziz, Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
Fumitake Takahashi, Department of Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 152-8552, Japan

Abstract

The demand for energy-efficient and environmentally friendly municipal solid waste (MSW) processing has increased in developing countries. The thermochemical process offers a fast and reliable solution to reutilize or reduce the volume of MSW. Hydrothermal treatment is a novel MSW treatment technology that is compatible with high-moisture-content feedstock. It involves the thermal degradation of MSW in pressurized water or steam, which promotes the disintegration of cellulosic and polymer materials. Recent advances have shown effective MSW conversion into homogenous solid hydrochar with higher energy density. Alkali and chlorine content, which causes issues in combustors, was successfully removed due to the washing effect of hydrothermal treatment. The possibility of activated carbon production also exists because the surface area is significantly increased after the treatment. This paper presents an overview of the latest development of hydrothermal treatment in the field of post-consumer waste and MSW treatment, with particular focus on the operating conditions and physicochemical characteristics of the hydrochar. Several experimental results from post-consumer waste feedstock were compiled and interpreted using principal component analysis to observe the effect of different operating conditions and feedstock during the hydrothermal process.

Bahasa Abstract

Situasi Aktual Proses Hidrotermal untuk Pemulihan Energi dan Material Dalam Kerangka Siklus Material Pasca Konsumsi yang Berkelanjutan. Terjadi peningkatan kebutuhan terhadap pengolahan sampah perkotaan yang efisien energi dan ramah lingkungan di negara-negara berkembang. Proses termokimia menghadirkan solusi yang cepat dan handal dalam daur guna atau menurunkan volume dari sampah perkotaan. Hidrotermal datang sebagai teknologi baru untuk pengolahan sampah perkotaan yang kompatibel dengan bahan berkadar air tinggi. Proses tersebut meliputi degradasi termal dalam air bertekanan tinggi yang mendukung penguraian material berbasis selulosa dan polimer. Perkembangan terbaru menunjukkan bahwa sampah perkotaan dapat dikonversikan menjadi hidrochar yang homogen dan kepadatan energi yang tinggi. Kandungan alkali dan klorin yang sering menyebabkan masalah pada tungku pembakaran dapat dilarutkan dalam fasa cair dari produk hidrotermal. Meningkatkan luasan permukaan memunculkan kemungkinan untuk penggunaan hidrochar sebagai aktif karbon. Makalah ini akan mendiskusikan perkembangan teknologi hidrotermal dalam bidang pengolahan sampah perkotaan dengan fokus terhadap kondisi operasi dan karakter fisika-kimia dari hidrochar. Beberapa hasil eksperimen terkini akan dikompilasi dan diinterpretasikan menggunakan principal component analysis untuk membandingkan kondisi operasi dan bahan baku dalam proses hidrotermal.

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Recommended Citation

Lokahita, Baskoro; Aziz, Muhammad; and Takahashi, Fumitake (2020) "Current Status of Hydrothermal Treatment for Energy and Material Recovery Toward a Sustainable Post-consumer Material Cycle," Makara Journal of Technology: Vol. 24: Iss. 1, Article 5.
DOI: 10.7454/mst.v24i1.3885
Available at: https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/mjt/vol24/iss1/5