Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions by Oil Palm Decanter Cake Activated Carbon

Authors

Mohd. Ezreeza Mohamed Yusoff, Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Juferi Idris, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sarawak, Kampus Kota Samarahan, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
Nahrul Hayawin Zainal, Biomass Technology Unit, Engineering and Processing Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), Ministry of Plantation Industries and Commodities, 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
Mohamad Faizal Ibrahim, Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Suraini Abd-Aziz, Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaFollow

Abstract

Adsorption processes are widely used for the removal of heavy metals from waste streams. Oil palm decanter cake (OPDC) is used as a bioadsorbent because of its compositional properties for activated carbon production; moreover, it is a readily available raw material produced in palm oil mills and is thus abundant and cheap. In this study, the OPDC was carbonized at 700 °C and activated using steam at 700 °C to produce oil palm decanter cake activated carbon (AC-OPDC). Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to compare the adsorption capacities of the raw OPDC and the AC-OPDC for heavy metals removal. The maximum adsorption capacities of AC-OPDC on Cu(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II) were found to be 45.01, 128.51, and 39.21 mg/g, respectively, which were higher than those of the raw OPDC. This study demonstrates that the AC-OPDC has the potential to be a bioadsorbent for heavy metal removal from wastewater.

Bahasa Abstract

Adsorpsi Ion Logam Berat menggunakan Oil Palm Decanter Cake Activated Carbon. Proses adsorpsi banyak digunakan untuk menghilangkan logam berat dari aliran limbah. Oil palm decanter cake (OPDC) digunakan sebagai bioadsorben karena sifat komposisinya untuk produksi karbon aktif; selain itu, OPDC merupakan bahan baku yang ter-sedia berlimpah dan murah pada pabrik minyak kelapa sawit. Dalam studi ini, OPDC dikarbonisasi pada suhu 700 °C dan diaktivasi menggunakan uap pada suhu 700 °C untuk memproduksi oil palm decanter cake activated carbon (AC-OPDC). Beberapa eksperimen adsorpsi telah dilakukan untuk membandingkan kapasitas adsorpsi atas bahan mentah OPDC dan AC-OPDC untuk menghilangkan logam berat. Kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum dari AC-OPDC pada Cu(II), Pb(II) dan Zn(II) adalah 45,01 mg/g, 128,51 mg/g dan 39,21 mg/g. Kapasitas tersebut lebih tinggi dibanding kapasitas adsorpsi atas bahan mentah OPDC. Studi ini mendemonstrasikan bahwa AC-OPDC mempunyai potensial untuk menja-di bioadsorben untuk menghilangkan logam berat dari limbah air.

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Recommended Citation

Yusoff, Mohd. Ezreeza Mohamed; Idris, Juferi; Zainal, Nahrul Hayawin; Ibrahim, Mohamad Faizal; and Abd-Aziz, Suraini (2019) "Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions by Oil Palm Decanter Cake Activated Carbon," Makara Journal of Technology: Vol. 23: Iss. 2, Article 2.
DOI: 10.7454/mst.v23i2.3760
Available at: https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/mjt/vol23/iss2/2