Use of Green Mussel Shell as a Desulfurizer in the Blending of Low Rank Coal-Biomass Briquette Combustion

Authors

Mahidin Mahidin, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, IndonesiaFollow
Asri Gani, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
M. Reza Hani, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Muhammad Syukur, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Hamdani Hamdani, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Khairil Khairil, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Samsul Rizal, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Abdul Hadi, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia
T.M.I. Mahlia, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia

Abstract

Calcium oxide-based material is available abundantly and naturally. A potential resource of that material comes from marine mollusk shell such as clams, scallops, mussels, oysters, winkles and nerites. The CaO-based material has exhibited a good performance as the desulfurizer or adsorbent in coal combustion in order to reduce SO2 emission. In this study, pulverized green mussel shell, without calcination, was utilized as the desulfurizer in the briquette produced from a mixture of low rank coal and palm kernel shell (PKS), also known as bio-briquette. The ratio of coal to PKS in the briquette was 90:10 (wt/wt). The influence of green mussel shell contents and combustion temperature were examined to prove the possible use of that material as a desulfurizer. The ratio of Ca to S (Ca = calcium content in desulfurizer; S = sulfur content in briquette) were fixed at 1:1, 1.25:1, 1.5:1, 1.75:1, and 2:1 (mole/mole). The burning (or desulfurization) temperature range was 300-500 °C; the reaction time was 720 seconds and the air flow rate was 1.2 L/min. The results showed that green mussel shell can be introduced as a desulfurizer in coal briquette or bio-briquette combustions. The desulfurization process using that desulfurizer exhibited the first order reaction and the highest average efficiency of 84.5%.

Bahasa Abstract

Pemanfaatan Cangkang Kerang Hijau sebagai Desulfurizer dalam Pembakaran Briket Campuran Batubara Peringkat Rendah-Biomassa. Bahan alam berbasis kalsium oksida (CaO) tersedia secara melimpah. Salah satu sumberdaya yang potensial dari bahan alam tersebut berasal dari cangkang moluska laut antara lain kerang, simping (kerang kampak), remis, tiram, keong dan siput (siput terompet). Bahan berbasis CaO tersebut memperlihatkan unjuk kerja yang baik sebagai desulfurizer atau adsorben dalam pembakaran batubara untuk mereduksi emisi SO2. Dalam kajian ini, serbuk cangkang kerang hijau, tanpa kalsinasi, digunakan sebagai desulfurizer dalam produksi briket dari campuran batubara peringkat rendah dan cangkang kelapa sawit (CKS), yang juga dikenal dengan bio-briket. Rasio batubara terhadap CKS dalam briket adalah 90:10 (dalam berat). Pengaruh kandungan cangkang kerang hijau dan temperatur pembakaran dikaji dalam rangka untuk membuktikan kemungkinan pemanfaatan bahan tersebut sebagai desulfurizer. Perbandingan Ca terhadap S (Ca = kandungan kalsium dalam desulfurizer; S = kandungan sulfur dalam briket) ditetapkan sebesar 1:1, 1.25:1, 1.5:1, 1.75:1, dan 2:1 (dalam mol). Temperatur pembakaran (atau desulfurisasi) berkisar antara 300-500 °C; waktu reaksi adalah 720 detik dan laju alir udara ditetapkan pada 1,2 L/menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cangkang kerang hijau dapat ditambahkan dalam pembakaran briket batubara atau biobriket sebagai desulfurizer. Proses desulfurisasi menggunakan desulfurizer tersebut memperlihatkan reaksi order pertama dan efisiensi penyerapan SO2 rata-rata tertinggi adalah 84,5%.

References

1. G. Lu, H. Kim, J. Yuan, I. Naruse, K. Ohtake, M. Kamide, Energy Fuels. 12 (1998) 689.
2. I. Naruse, H. Kim, G. Lu, J. Yuan, K. Ohtake, Int. Symp. Combustion. 27 (1998) 2973.
3. N. Viriya-empikul, P. Krasae, B. Puttasawat, B. Yoosuk, N. Chollacoop, K. Faungnawakij, Bioresour. Technol. 101 (2010) 3765.
4. J. Boro, D. Deka, A.J. Thakur, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 16 (2012) 904.
5. R. Rezaei, M. Mohadesi, G.R. Moradi, Fuel. 109 (2013) 534.
6. M. Sánchez, J.M. Marchetti, N. El Boulifi, J. Aracil, M. Martínez, Chem. Eng. J. 262 (2015) 640.
7. N. Nakatani, H. Takamori, K. Takeda, H. Sakugawa, Bioresour. Technol. 100 (2009) 1510.
8. J. Boro, A.J. Thakur, D. Deka, Fuel Proc. Technol. 92 (2011) 2061.
9. Mahidin, A. Gani, Khairil, Makara J. Technol. 15 (2011) 178.
10. Mahidin, Y. Syamsuddin, S. Rizal, Int. J. Chem. Nuclear, Metall. Mater. Eng. 7 (2013) 400.
11. Mahidin, A. Gani, A. Muslim, H. Husin, M. R. Hani, M. Syukur, Hamdani, Khairil, S. Rizal, J. Eng. Technol. Sciences (to be published).
12. R. Yan, D. Gauthier, G. Flamant, M. Badie, Fuel 78 (1999) 1817.
13. D.L. Kaplan, Biomater. 3 (1998) 232.
14. L. Yang, A. Zhang, X. Zheng, Energy Fuels. 23 (2009) 3859.
15. P.F.B. Hansen, K. Dam-Johansen, K. Ostergaard, Chem. Eng. Sci. (1993) 1325.
16. C.D. Sheng, M.H. Xu, J. Zhang, Y.Q. Xu, Fuel
17. Proc. Technol. 64 (2000) 1.
18. A. Gani, Khairil, L. Mairiza, Proceeding of SNTKI 2009, Bandung, Indonesia, 2009.
19. L.K. Wang, C. Williford, W.-Y. Chen, in: L.K. Wang, N.C. Pereira, Y.-T. Hung (Eds.), Handbook of Environmental Engineering, vol. 2, Humana Press, New Jersey, 2005, p. 35.
20. P. Siritheerasas, K. Bunyakiat, S. Osuwan, Thammasat Int. J. Sci. Technol. 5 (2000) 34.
21. J. Zhou, J. Cheng, X. Cao, J. Liu, X. Zhao, Z. Huang, K. Cen, Energy. 26 (2001) 759.
22. J. Cheng, J. Zhou, J. Liu, Z. Zhou, Z. Huang, X. Cao, X. Zhao, K. Cen, Prog. Energy Combus. Sci. 29 (2003) 381.
23. L.J. Muzio, G.R. Offen, J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 37 (1987) 642.
24. C.X. Chen, T. Kojima, Fuel Proc. Technol. 53 (1997) 49.
25. J. Wang, S. Gao, W. Wang, K. Sakamoto, Earozoru Kenkyu, J. Aerosol Res. 14 (1999) 162.
26. Q. Wang, G. Lu, K. Sakamoto, T. Maruyama, H. Kim, I. Naruse, S. Hatakeyama, T. Mizoguchi, R. Luo, M. Kamide, Earozoru Kenkyu (Journal of Aerosol Research) 15 (2000) 364.
27. M. Sadakata, T. Shinbo, A. Harano, H. Yamamoto, H.J. Kim, J. Chem. Eng. Japan 27 (1994) 550.
28. W. Duo, N.F. Kirkby, J.P.K. Seville, R. Clift, Chem. Eng. Sci. 50 (1995) 2017.
29. W. Duo, J.P.K. Seville, N.F. Kirkby, R. Clift, Chem. Eng. Sci. 49 (1994) 4429.
30. W. Duo, K. Laursen, J. Lim, J. Grace, Powder Technol. 111 (2000) 154.

Recommended Citation

Mahidin, Mahidin; Gani, Asri; Hani, M. Reza; Syukur, Muhammad; Hamdani, Hamdani; Khairil, Khairil; Rizal, Samsul; Hadi, Abdul; and Mahlia, T.M.I. (2016) "Use of Green Mussel Shell as a Desulfurizer in the Blending of Low Rank Coal-Biomass Briquette Combustion," Makara Journal of Technology: Vol. 20: Iss. 2, Article 7.
DOI: 10.7454/mst.v20i2.3062
Available at: https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/mjt/vol20/iss2/7