Digestibility of Betung Bamboo Fiber Following Fungal Pretreatment

Authors

Widya Fatriasari, Research Center for Biomaterials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong, Bogor 16911, IndonesiaFollow
Wasrin Syafii, Department of Forest Product Technology, Faculty of Forestry, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Nyoman J. Wistara, Department of Forest Product Technology, Faculty of Forestry, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Khaswar Syamsu, Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor 6680, Indonesia
Bambang Prasetya, National Standardization Agency, Manggala Wanabakti Building, Senayan, Jakarta 10270, Indonesia

Abstract

This research evaluated the effect of fungal pretreatment of betung bamboo fibers and enzymatic- and microwaveassisted hydrolysis on the reducing sugar yield. The enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated biomass was carried out with cellulase and 10 and 20 FPU/g of substrate in a shaking incubator at 50 °C and 150 rpm for 48 h. The sulfuric acid concentration used in the microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis was 1.0, 2.5, and 5%, either with or without the addition of activated carbon. Microwave irradiation (330 Watt) was applied for 5–12.5 min. The yield of reducing sugar was better with the microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis, and the yield tended to increase with an increase in the irradiation time. Based on the dry weight of the initial biomass (bamboo), pretreatment with 5% inoculum loading resulted in a higher reducing sugar yield (17.06%) than with 10% inoculum loading (14.54%). At a 1% acid concentration, the formation of brown compounds decreased, followed by a reduction in the reducing sugar yield. The addition of activated carbon at a 1% acid concentration seemed to be of no benefit with respect to the yield in the microwaveassisted acid hydrolysis. The pretreatment with the 5% inoculum loading for 12.5 min at 1% acid concentration resulted in the highest reducing sugar yield. Under these conditions, the yield was 6.3-fold that of the reducing sugar yield using 20 FPU/g of cellulase. The rate of bamboo hollocellulose hydrolysis reached 22.75% of the maximum theoretical reducing sugar reducing sugar of dry biomass.

Bahasa Abstract

Digestibilitas Serat Bambu Betung Setelah Pretreatment Jamur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pretreatment jamur pada serat bambu betung terhadap rendemen gula dari hidrolisis enzimatis dan microwave dengan asam. Hidrolisis enzimatis pada bambu setelah pretreatment menggunakan selulase 10 dan 20 FPU/g substrat dalam inkubator shaker pada suhu 50 °C selama 48 jam pada kecepatan 150 rpm. Konsentrasi asam sulfat yang digunakan dalam hidrolisis asam dengan microwave yaitu 1,0, 2,5 dan 5% baik dengan atau tanpa penambahan karbon aktif pada daya microwave 330 watt selama 5-12,5 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hidrolisis asam dengan microwave menghasilkan rendemen gula yang lebih baik yang cenderung meningkat dengan bertambahnya waktu iradiasi. Berdasarkan berat kering dari biomassa awal bambu, pretreatment dengan konsentrasi inokulum 5% menunjukkan rendemen gula pereduksi yang lebih tinggi (17,06%) daripada konsentrasi inokulum 10% (14,54%). Penambahan karbon aktif cenderung menurunkan pembentukan senyawa coklat. Namun, pada konsentrasi asam 1% penurunan pembentukan senyawa coklat juga diikuti dengan penurunan rendemen gula pereduksi. Tampaknya tidak terdapat pengaruh menguntungkan pada rendemen gula dengan adanya penambahan karbon aktif dari hidrolisis microwave dengan asam. Pretreatment dengan konsentrasi inokulum 5% selama 12,5 menit pada konsentrasi asam 1% menghasilkan rendemen gula pereduksi yang tertinggi. Rendemen ini meningkat 6,3 kali daripada rendemen gula pereduksi dari hidrolisis enzimatis menggunakan enzim 20 FPU/g selulase dan laju hidrolisis holoselulosa bambu mencapai 22,75% dari rendemen gula pereduksi teoritis dari biomassa awal.

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Recommended Citation

Fatriasari, Widya; Syafii, Wasrin; Wistara, Nyoman J.; Syamsu, Khaswar; and Prasetya, Bambang (2014) "Digestibility of Betung Bamboo Fiber Following Fungal Pretreatment," Makara Journal of Technology: Vol. 18: Iss. 2, Article 1.
DOI: 10.7454/mst.v18i2.2941
Available at: https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/mjt/vol18/iss2/1