Abstract
Medium Density Fibreboard Made of Acetylated Sludge from Paper Mill. Research of using sludge as raw material for making medium density fibreboard (MDF) was useful to create additional value of sludge. The objective of the research was to evaluate physical properties, mechanical properties, and durability of MDF from acetylated sludge in 4 levels of acetate anhydride (0%, 3%, 5%, and 7%) with 3 replicates. The MDF was made using dry process. After materials were mixed with adhesives, they were pressed using hotpress under 170 oC temperature and 45 Pa pressure for 25 minutes. The size of the MDF sample was 25 cm x 20 cm x 1 cm with 0.8 g/cm3 density. The physical properties (density, moisture content, water absorption, thickness swelling) and mechanical properties (modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, internal bond, screw holding power) was tested based on JIS A 5905-2003 standard. The durability was evaluated using SNI 01-7207-2006. All physical properties of MDF fulfill JIS A 5905-2003. Acetate anhydride decreased the moisture content value of MDF. On the other hand, all mechanical properties did not fulfill the standard. That was caused by calcium carbonate in sludge that blocked the adhesion between sludge fibres. The durability of MDF tested here was classified Class I which is very resistant to termites.
Bahasa Abstract
Penelitian pemanfaatan sludge sebagai bahan baku pembuatan papan serat berkerapatan sedang atau medium density fibreboard (MDF) berguna untuk menciptakan nilai tambah dari sludge. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi sifat fisis, mekanik, dan ketahanan MDF dari sludge terasetilasi dengan 4 macam konsentrasi asetat anhidrida (0%, 3%, 5% dan 7%) dengan 3 kali ulangan. Pembuatan MDF dilakukan dengan proses kering. Setelah bahan baku dicampur perekat, dilakukan pengempaan dengan menggunakan kempa panas dengan suhu 170 oC dan tekanan 45 Pa selama 25 menit. Ukuran papan yang akan dibuat adalah 25 cm x 20 cm x 1 cm dengan kerapatan 0,8 g/cm3. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian sifat fisik (kerapatan, kadar air, daya serap air, pengembangan tebal) dan mekanik (keteguhan lentur, keteguhan patah, keteguhan rekat, kuat pegang sekrup) terhadap MDF yang dihasilkan yang mengacu pada JIS A 5905-2003 dan pengujian ketahanan mengacu pada SNI 01-7207-2006. Keseluruhan sifat fisik MDF memenuhi standar JIS A 5905-2003. Pemberian asetat anhidrida menurunkan nilai kadar air MDF yang dihasilkan. Hasil pengujian sifat mekanik seluruhnya tidak memenuhi standar yang diacu. Hal tersebut dipengaruhi oleh kalsium karbonat dalam sludge yang menghambat ikatan antar serat sludge. Hasil pengujian keawetan MDF termasuk kedalam kelas I, yaitu sangat tahan terhadap rayap.
References
- S. Lisman, S. Dwi, Analisa Konsumsi Kayu Nasional, http://www.rimbawan.com, 2009.
- Syamsudin, P. Sri, R. Ike, Berita Selulosa 42/2 (2007) 67.
- P. Arisandi, Minimalisasi Limbah dalam Industri Pulp dan Paper, Lembaga Kajian Ekologi dan Konservasi Lahan Basah, http://www.ecoton.or.id, 2009.
- R. Rowell, Chemical Modification of Wood: A Journey from Analytical Technique to Commercial Reality, Forest Products Laboratory and University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA, 2004, p.524.
- Fiberboard, JIS A 5905-2003, Japan, 2003.
- Uji Ketahanan Kayu dan Produk Kayu terhadap Rayap, SNI, Indonesia, 2006, 01-7207-2006.
- A.A. Mattjik, I.M. Sumertajaya, Perancangan Percobaan dengan Aplikasi Sas dan Minitab, Jilid 1 Edisi kedua, IPB Press, Bogor, 2002, p.56.
- P. Mingzhu, L. Hailan, Z. Dinggou, Front. For. China, 2/2 (2007) 237.
- J.L. Bowyer, R. Shmulsky, J.G. Haygreen, Forest Product and Wood Science an Introdution, 4th Ed., Iowa State Press A Blackwell Publ., Iowa, USA, 2003, p.213.
- A. Taramian, K. Doosthoseini, S.A. Mirshokraii, M. Faezipour, J. Waste Manage 27/12 (2007) 1739.
- Y.S Hadi, Daya Tahan Papan Partikel Rendaman Air Panas dan Asetilasi terhadap Perusak Kayu Secara Biologis, IPB, http://web.ipb.ac.id, 2010.
- B.H. Lee, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 8/1 (2002) 50.
- O.P. Folorunso, B.U. Anyata, J. App. Sci. 2/5 (2007) 548.
- S.I. Tarigan, Undergraduate Thesis, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia, 2009.
- J.F. Hunt, A. Ahmed, K. Friedrich, For. Prod. J. 58/6 (2008) 82.
- Semua Tentang Kayu, Medium Density Fibreboard (MDF), http://www.tentangkayu.com, 2009.
- W. Syafii, J. Teknol. Hasil Hutan 13/2 (2000) 1.
- D. Nandika, R. Yudi, D. Farah, Rayap: Biologi dan Pengendaliannya, Muhammadiyah University Press, Surakarta, 2003, p.67.
- Y. Kojima, H. Norita, S. Suzuki, For. Prod. J. 59/5 (2009) 35.
Recommended Citation
Hakim, Luthfi; Herawati, Evalina; and Wistara, I Nyoman Jaya
(2011)
"Medium Density Fibreboard Made of Acetylated Sludge from Paper Mill,"
Makara Journal of Technology: Vol. 15:
Iss.
2, Article 4.
DOI: 10.7454/mst.v15i2.928
Available at:
https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/mjt/vol15/iss2/4
Included in
Chemical Engineering Commons, Civil Engineering Commons, Computer Engineering Commons, Electrical and Electronics Commons, Metallurgy Commons, Ocean Engineering Commons, Structural Engineering Commons