Community-Based Exercise Programs dalam Mengurangi Fear of Falling dan Meningkatkan Quality of Life pada Lansia: A Systematic Literature Review

Authors

• Amirah Hasna Rafifah -, University of IndonesiaFollow
• Hanif Maulana
• Saffanah

Abstract

The global increase in the elderly population presents significant challenges in maintaining independence and quality of life among older adults. One of the most common problems experienced by the elderly is fear of falling, which negatively affects physical activity, balance, and psychological well-being. Community-based exercise programs represent an approach that not only improves physical function but also strengthens social interaction and self-confidence among older adults. This study aims to review community-based exercise programs in reducing fear of falling and improving quality of life among the elderly through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) using the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Crossref databases with inclusion criteria consisting of Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT), quasi-experimental, and prospective studies published between 2020 and 2025. From a total of 1,288 articles identified, five studies met the final inclusion criteria and were analyzed thematically. The findings indicate that community-based exercise programs, particularly multicomponent exercises such as the Otago Exercise Programme, Fall Prevention Exercise Program, and group-based exercise, significantly reduce levels of fear of falling (p < 0.05) and improve quality of life as measured by instruments including the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I), 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). In conclusion, participation of older adults in community-based exercise programs contributes positively to both physical and psychological well-being; therefore, the implementation of community-based exercise should be strengthened through multisectoral collaboration and the involvement of healthcare professionals to support sustainable healthy aging.

References

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Bahasa Abstract

Peningkatan populasi lansia secara global menimbulkan tantangan besar dalam upaya mempertahankan kemandirian dan quality of life pada lansia. Salah satu masalah utama yang sering dialami lansia adalah fear of falling, yang berdampak negatif terhadap aktivitas fisik, keseimbangan, serta kesejahteraan psikologis. Community based exercise programs merupakan pendekatan yang tidak hanya meningkatkan fungsi fisik, tetapi juga memperkuat interaksi sosial dan kepercayaan diri lansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau community-based exercise programs dalam mengurangi fear of falling dan meningkatkan quality of life pada lansia melalui metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) menggunakan pedoman PRISMA 2020. Proses pencarian dilakukan pada database PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, dan Crossref dengan kriteria inklusi berupa artikel Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT), quasi-experimental, dan prospective study yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2020-2025. Dari total 1288 artikel yang ditemukan, diperoleh 5 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria akhir dan dianalisis secara tematik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa community-based exercise programs, khususnya latihan multikomponen seperti Otago exercise, Fall Prevention Exercise, dan group-based exercise, secara signifikan menurunkan tingkat fear of falling (p < 0,05) serta meningkatkan quality of life berdasarkan instrumen FES-I, SF-12, dan SF-36. Kesimpulan dari telaah menegaskan bahwa keterlibatan lansia dalam program latihan berbasis komunitas berkontribusi positif terhadap peningkatan fisik maupun psikologis. Oleh karena itu, implementasi community based exercise perlu diperkuat melalui kolaborasi multisektor, dan keterlibatan tenaga kesehatan dalam upaya mencapai healthy aging yang berkelanjutan.

Recommended Citation

Rafifah, Amirah Hasna -; Hanif Maulana; and Saffanah (2026) "Community-Based Exercise Programs dalam Mengurangi Fear of Falling dan Meningkatkan Quality of Life pada Lansia: A Systematic Literature Review," Jurnal Fisioterapi Terapan Indonesia: Vol. 5: Iss. 1, Article 4.
DOI: 10.7454/jfti.v5i1.1126
Available at: https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/jfti/vol5/iss1/4