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Jurnal Fisioterapi Terapan Indonesia

Abstract

Balance impairment is one of the major problems commonly experienced by older adults as a result of degenerative processes, leading to an increased risk of falls. Falls may cause fear of recurrent falling, reduced physical activity, loss of physical capability, and may eventually result in disability and psychological consequences such as depression. Structured, occupation-based physical activity has been shown to provide various benefits for older adults, including improving physical function, slowing functional decline associated with degenerative processes, reducing fall risk, and enhancing postural control. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the occupation-based Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) BIG method on functional balance in older adults. A quantitative approach with a pre-experimental pretest–posttest design was employed. A total of 10 participants were recruited using a total sampling technique and underwent 16 intervention sessions over a 4-week period, with each session lasting 60 minutes. Measurement instruments included a respondent characteristic questionnaire, the Berg Balance Scale as the primary outcome measure, and the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) for intervention planning. The results indicated that individual factors (age, Body Mass Index, and comorbidities), as well as physical activity characteristics (frequency, intensity, and duration of exercise), were not significantly associated with functional balance in this sample (p > 0.05). In contrast, the paired t-test analysis demonstrated a significant effect of the occupation-based LSVT BIG intervention on functional balance in older adults (p < 0.001). These findings suggest that the occupation-based LSVT BIG method may be considered a promising intervention approach for improving functional balance in older adults

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Bahasa Abstract

Masalah keseimbangan merupakan salah satu permasalahan utama yang umum dialami oleh lansia sebagai akibat dari proses degeneratif, sehingga meningkatkan risiko terjadinya jatuh. Kejadian jatuh dapat menimbulkan ketakutan akan jatuh berulang, penurunan aktivitas fisik, kehilangan kemampuan fisik, serta pada akhirnya dapat menyebabkan disabilitas dan dampak psikologis seperti depresi. Aktivitas fisik yang terstruktur dan berbasis okupasi telah terbukti memberikan berbagai manfaat bagi lansia, antara lain meningkatkan fungsi fisik, memperlambat penurunan fungsi akibat proses degeneratif, menurunkan risiko jatuh, serta meningkatkan kontrol postural. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh metode Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) BIG berbasis okupasi terhadap keseimbangan fungsional pada lansia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain pra-eksperimental pretest–posttest. Sebanyak 10 responden direkrut menggunakan teknik total sampling dan mengikuti 16 sesi intervensi selama empat minggu, dengan durasi 60 menit pada setiap sesi. Instrumen pengukuran yang digunakan meliputi kuesioner karakteristik responden, Berg Balance Scale sebagai alat ukur utama, serta Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) yang digunakan untuk perencanaan intervensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor individu (usia, Indeks Massa Tubuh, dan komorbiditas), serta karakteristik aktivitas fisik (frekuensi, intensitas, dan durasi latihan) tidak berhubungan secara signifikan dengan keseimbangan fungsional pada sampel penelitian ini (p > 0,05). Sebaliknya, hasil analisis uji paired t-test menunjukkan adanya peningkatan keseimbangan fungsional yang signifikan setelah diberikan intervensi LSVT BIG berbasis okupasi (p < 0,001). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa metode LSVT BIG berbasis okupasi dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai pendekatan intervensi yang menjanjikan dalam meningkatkan keseimbangan fungsional pada lansia.

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