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Jurnal Ekonomi Kependudukan dan Keluarga

Abstract

Understanding how women's economic, educational, and social positions influence their roles and choices within households is crucial for promoting gender equality and sustainable development. Despite significant advancements in women's rights and gender equality globally, women in Indonesia continue to face substantial barriers in achieving true empowerment. These barriers are particularly evident in domestic settings, where traditional gender roles often persist, limiting women's influence in household decisions. This research aims to investigate the relationship between women's socioeconomic status and their empowerment in domestic decision-making, examining how various factors such as income, education, and employment status contribute to or hinder their ability to influence family and household matters. This study performed a probit regression analysis using pooled cross-sectional data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) wave 5 (2007 and 2014) to examine the impact of women’s socioeconomic factors on the likelihood of women being empowered in domestic decision-making. Decision-making criteria included in this study concern decisions regarding spending for food consumption, daily needs and sanitation, tertiary household equipment, cash transfers to parents/relatives, and household saving. The results indicate that being employed and having higher levels of education significantly increase the probability of women having a say in household decisions. Conversely, lower socioeconomic status is strongly associated with reduced decision-making power for women. This study concludes with policy recommendations aimed at enhancing women's socioeconomic status and promoting gender-equitable decision-making within households.

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Bahasa Abstract

Memahami bagaimana posisi ekonomi, pendidikan, dan sosial perempuan memengaruhi peran dan pilihan mereka dalam rumah tangga sangat penting untuk mendorong kesetaraan gender dan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Meskipun ada kemajuan signifikan dalam hak-hak perempuan dan kesetaraan gender secara global, perempuan di Indonesia masih menghadapi hambatan besar dalam mencapai pemberdayaan yang sesungguhnya. Hambatan-hambatan ini terutama terlihat di lingkungan rumah tangga, di mana peran gender tradisional sering kali masih ada, sehingga membatasi pengaruh perempuan dalam pengambilan keputusan di rumah tangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki hubungan antara status sosial ekonomi perempuan dan pemberdayaan mereka dalam pengambilan keputusan rumah tangga, dengan melihat bagaimana berbagai faktor seperti pendapatan, pendidikan, dan status pekerjaan berkontribusi terhadap atau menghambat kemampuan mereka untuk memengaruhi keluarga dan rumah tangga. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi probit dengan menggunakan data cross-sectional dari Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) gelombang 5 (2007 dan 2014) untuk menguji dampak faktor sosioekonomi perempuan terhadap kemungkinan perempuan diberdayakan dalam pengambilan keputusan domestik. Kriteria pengambilan keputusan yang termasuk dalam penelitian ini adalah keputusan terkait pengeluaran untuk konsumsi makanan, kebutuhan sehari-hari dan sanitasi, peralatan rumah tangga tersier, transfer uang tunai kepada orang tua/kerabat, dan tabungan rumah tangga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bekerja dan memiliki tingkat pendidikan yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan meningkatkan probabilitas perempuan untuk memiliki suara dalam pengambilan keputusan rumah tangga. Sebaliknya, status sosial ekonomi yang lebih rendah sangat terkait dengan berkurangnya kekuatan pengambilan keputusan bagi perempuan. Studi ini merekomendasikan kebijakan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan status sosial ekonomi perempuan dan mendorong pengambilan keputusan yang adil gender di dalam rumah tangga.decision-making, households, Indonesia, socioeconomic, women empowerment

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