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Jurnal Ekonomi Kependudukan dan Keluarga

Abstract

Indonesia has entered a period of aging population. The number of elderly people has increased sharply without social security ownership, making the elderly population vulnerable to poverty. Financial demands make the elderly must continue to work in their old age, even though their biological and psychological conditions are declining. The study aims to analyzes the effect of social insurance (pension insurance and health insurance) on the work participation of the elderly population which is controlled based on individual, household, and social characteristics. Using secondary data from the 2020 National Socioeconomic Survey and analyzed using logistic biner regression, this study found that the ownership of pension security and health insurance has a significant negative effect on the work participation of the elderly. Elderly people who are heads of households, have low education, male, live in rural areas, have no health problems, have a large number of working family members, and whose economic conditions are below the poverty line tend to continue working at retirement age.

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Bahasa Abstract

Indonesia telah memasuki periode penuaan penduduk. Jumlah penduduk lanjut usia yang meningkat tajam tanpa diiringi kepemilikan jaminan sosial membuat penduduk lansia rentan miskin. Tuntutan finansial membuat penduduk lansia harus tetap bekerja di usia senja, meskipun mengalami penurunan kondisi biologis dan psikologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh jaminan sosial (jaminan pensiun dan jaminan kesehatan) terhadap partisipasi kerja penduduk lansia yang dikontrol berdasarkan karakteristik individu, rumah tangga, dan sosial. Menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional tahun 2021 yang dianalisis menggunakan metode regresi logistik biner, penelitian menunjukan hasil bahwa kepemilikan jaminan pensiun dan jaminan kesehatan memiliki pengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap partisipasi kerja lansia. Penduduk lansia yang berstatus kepala rumah tangga, berpendidikan rendah, berjenis kelamin laki-laki, tinggal di pedesaan, tidak memiliki gangguan kesehatan, jumlah anggota keluarga bekerja banyak, dan kondisi ekonomi di bawah garis kemiskinan cenderung tetap bekerja di usia pensiunnya.

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