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Antropologi Indonesia

Abstract

This article explores the socio-environmental transformations in Muara Gembong, a coastal frontier in northern Bekasi, Indonesia, that once thrived as a hub for shrimp and milkfish farming but is now grappling with environmental degradation and economic decline. By drawing on feminist political ecology (FPE), the study examines how women in the region have adapted to the deteriorating environment, driven by coastal erosion, mangrove loss, and the collapse of fish pond businesses. While men traditionally dominated the local economy as aquaculturists, women have assumed critical roles in sustaining household livelihoods through creative economic activities, such as weaving wlingi laut (Cyperus malaccensis) mats and processing mangrove-derived products. Despite their resilience, these women face systemic challenges, including insufficient institutional support and limited access to sustainable markets. The study critiques existing empowerment programs for their lack of alignment with community needs and highlights the potential of women-led initiatives to foster local resilience. By situating the struggles and strategies of Muara Gembong’s women within broader discussions of environmental and gendered social injustice, this research underscores the urgency of inclusive, context-sensitive approaches to coastal conservation and livelihood restoration.

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