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Antropologi Indonesia

Abstract

A house is a structured building that originates from human ideas, created to provide a comfortable place for its inhabitants. The concept of a house is inseparable from the socio-cultural environment. Likewise, umma kalada, a local term for the traditional houses of the Sumbanese, especially those in Tarung Village, embodies local wisdom values pertaining to gender relations. This study explores the structure and function of traditional Sumba houses and analyses local wisdom values specifically regarding their gender relations. The research was conducted using an ethnographic approach, involving observations and interviews Rato Rumata, namely the Marapu priest (indigenous religion) and traditional leader of all kabisu (clans) in Tarung Village, as well as a prominent figure among the women of Tarung Village who possesses a deep understanding of Sumbanese culture. The field data collected was then analysed descriptively. The results revealed that umma kalada vertically comprises three main structures. Gender relations within the local wisdom of umma kalada manifest in the division of zones in the middle structure, horizontally three zones are identified, those for men and women, as well as a zone for both genders to gather. Additionally, the existence of four main pillars as the foundational elements of umma kalada symbolizes two pairs of females and males. The final aspect involves roppa (measurement unit) used to determine the width of the roof's end, this measurement is based on the fingertips to fingertips span of umma kalada's female resident. Hence, the things have been mentioned previously reflect that the Sumbanese, particularly those who live in Tarung Village, carry certain tributary values that respect women.

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