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Antropologi Indonesia

Bahasa Abstract

Wacana-wacana pembangunan sering mengasumsikan transisi-transisi pedesaan yang linier, di mana orang-orang muda yang berpendidikan seharusnya meninggalkan komunitas-komunitas pedesaan mereka dan menjadi kaum urban. Namun, berdasarkan penelitian lapangan di Flores (Indonesia Timur), saya menemukan bahwa orang-orang muda yang berlatar-belakang pendidikan tinggi justru kembali ke komunitas tempat mereka dilahirkan begitu mereka lulus. Di sana, mereka ingin bertindak — berdasarkan pendidikan mereka — sebagai garda depan perubahan positif dan mengubah apa yang mereka anggap terbelakang, seperti mata pencaharian pedesaan dan praktik-praktiknya. Akan tetapi, kaum muda berpendidikan ini pun kerap bergantung pula pada mata pencaharian dan praktik-praktik ini, terutama ketika mereka tidak dapat memperoleh pekerjaan, seperti yang umum terjadi di pedesaan Flores. Untuk lebih memahami ketegangan-ketegangan inheren posisi kaum muda dalam komunitas pedesaan mereka ini, saya memetakan alasan-alasan mengapa mereka kembali ke pedesaan Flores.

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