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Abstract

Hong Kong's dense urban environment, constrained housing, and relentless tempo of everyday life create a context in which solitude is both scarce and valued. This article develops the concept of solitary interiority to capture how moments of solitude in public space generate interiority as a relational condition through the interplay of bodies, atmospheres, and cultural norms. Drawing on ethnographic interviews and multisensory experiential reflection, the article demonstrates how solitary interiority arises from the blurring of boundaries between the domestic and the urban, the self and others, and the private and the public. Individuals extend certain home-like qualities into public spaces, mobilising everyday objects and tacit sensory strategies to negotiate personal boundaries while remaining socially proximate in dense urban contexts. At the same time, solitary interiority operates as a subtle form of urban resilience. Rather than emphasising the qualities of the spaces themselves, individuals frame solitude in relation to urban rhythms and situational transitions, including what they have just endured and what awaits them. Solitary moments offer a vital pause amidst work demands, crowded transport, noisy streets, and the anticipated lack of privacy in cramped domestic environments. In this sense, solitary interiority is both a spatial and psychological quality, enabling urban dwellers to negotiate and build resilience amidst the pressures of high-density urban life.

Publication Date

1-30-2026

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Submitted Date

2025-09-29

Accepted Date

2026-01-07

First Page

29

Last Page

60

Authors' Bio

Xia Bi 
bixia.bi@connect.polyu.hk
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2337-3964

Xia Bi is a PhD candidate in the Public Design Lab, School of Design at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. His research rethinks public open space design in densely populated urban contexts from a perspective of positive solitude.

Kin Wai Michael Siu
m.siu@polyu.edu.hk
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9820-8576

Kin Wai Michael Siu is Associate Dean (Research), Eric C. Yim Professor in Inclusive Design and Chair Professor of Public Design, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. His research areas are in public design, policy and management of public design, user reception, inclusive design, and ergonomics.

Rosina Yuan
rosina.yuan98@gmail.com
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0240-9905

Rosina Yuan is a PhD graduated from RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia. Her research emphasises the sentimental qualities of engagements within the digital space, particularly through bodily interactions in VR and the painterly approach.

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