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Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics

Abstract

Introduction: Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that develops in a woman’s cervix. It is a result of HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) and is one of the deadliest types of cancer. Some cervical cancer management including chemotherapy, which until recently continues to develop to cure the condition, is relatively expensive and comes with multiple different side effects.

Method: Manihot esculenta undergoes multilevel maceration with the solvent of ethanol and ethyl acetate. This leads to the formation of ethanol extract and ethyl acetate extract of Manihot esculenta that is analyzed through phytochemical assay and thin layer chromatography (TLC) to determine the phytochemical components present. This is then followed by cytotoxicity assessment against Hela cervical cancer cells using MTT test.

Result: Manihot esculenta peel contains secondary metabolites including tannin, flavonoid, alkaloid, and triterpenoid. Cytotoxicity activity evaluation for ethanol shows moderate cytotoxicity with IC50 value of 228.26 μg/mL. While ethyl acetate shows active cytotoxicity activity with IC50 value of 56.47 μg/mL. The data distribution of IC50 value of all extracts is normal (p>0.05). There was a statistically insignificant difference in IC50 value between extracts based on one-way ANOVA.

Conclusion: Manihot esculenta peel contains phytochemical components that are cytotoxic towards HeLa cervical cancer cells.

Bahasa Abstract

Latar Belakang: Kanker serviks adalah kanker yang berkembang pada leher rahim atau serviks wanita. Kanker ini disebabkan oleh HPV (Human Papilloma Virus), dan merupakan salah satu jenis kanker yang mematikan. Beberapa tata laksana kanker serviks termasuk kemoterapi yang sampai saat ini dikembangkan untuk menyembuhkan penyakit tersebut, memiliki harga yang cukup tinggi dan menyebabkan berbagai efek samping. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari kandungan pada Manihot esculenta yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan kanker dan menjadi tata laksana alternatif.

Metode: Kulit Manihot esculenta di haluskan kemudian dilakukan maserasi bertingkat menggunakan pelarut etanol dan etil asetat untuk menghasilkan ekstrak etanol dan ekstrak etil asetat kulit Manihot esculenta. Kedua ekstrak tersebut kemudian diuji fitokimia dan analisis kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) untuk mengetahui komponen fitokimianya. Setelah itu akan dilanjutkan dengan uji sitotoksisitas terhadap sel kanker serviks HeLa menggunakan uji MTT.

Hasil: Kulit Manihot esculenta mengandung metabolit sekunder yakni tannin, flavonoid, alkaloid, and triterpenoid. Evaluasi sitotoksisitas untuk ekstrak Etanol menunjukkan sitotoksisitas moderat dengan IC50 sebesar 228,26 μg/mL. Sedangkan ekstrak Etil Asetat menunjukkan IC50 56,47 μg/mL. Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistic distribusi data IC50 normal (p>0.05). Terdapat perbedaan yang insignifikan antar perlakuan inhibisi ekstrak etanol dan ekstrak etil asetat berdasarkan uji one-way ANOVA.

Kesimpulan: Kulit Manihot esculenta mengandung komponen fitokimia yang bersifat sitotoksik terhadap sel kanker serviks HeLa.

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