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Abstract

Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy (TPT) is a crucial intervention for tuberculosis (TB) control, particularly among high-risk groups such as household contacts of TB patients and people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Despite being recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), TPT implementation still faces challenges at the primary care level. This study employed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method to review 11 articles published between 2021 and 2025 that were relevant to TPT implementation in various high-TB burden countries, including Indonesia. The main barriers identified were input (logistics, training), process (tracing, education, monitoring), and output (low TPT initiation and completion coverage). A community-based approach, integrated policy support, and the use of short regimens have been shown to increase program success. These findings underscore the need to strengthen input systems, community education, and harmonize national and regional policies to support optimal TPT implementation in primary care.

References

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Bahasa Abstract

Terapi Pencegahan Tuberkulosis (TPT) merupakan intervensi krusial dalam pengendalian tuberkulosis (TB), terutama bagi kelompok berisiko tinggi seperti kontak rumah tangga pasien TB dan orang dengan Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Meskipun direkomendasikan oleh World Health Organization (WHO), implementasi TPT masih menghadapi tantangan di tingkat layanan kesehatan primer. Studi ini menggunakan metode tinjauan sistematis Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) untuk meninjau 11 artikel yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2021 dan 2025 yang relevan dengan implementasi TPT di berbagai negara dengan beban TB tinggi, termasuk Indonesia. Hambatan utama yang diidentifikasi adalah input (logistik, pelatihan), proses (pelacakan, edukasi, pemantauan), dan output (cakupan inisiasi dan penyelesaian TPT yang rendah). Pendekatan berbasis komunitas, dukungan kebijakan terpadu, dan penggunaan rejimen singkat telah terbukti meningkatkan keberhasilan program. Temuan ini menekankan perlunya penguatan sistem input, edukasi masyarakat, dan harmonisasi kebijakan nasional dan regional untuk mendukung implementasi TPT yang optimal di layanan kesehatan primer.

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