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Abstract

Australia and Indonesia are strategic partners with expanding bilateral trade valued at AUD 26.7 billion (2022-23). Health care partnerships between the two countries offer significant opportunities for private sector engagement. Indonesia’s large population, rapidly growing middle class, and implementation of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) through the Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) present partnership opportunities to strengthen health system capacity, address infrastructure gaps and workforce shortages, and contribute to shared economic and prosperity goals. This study explores how Australian private healthcare investment can complement government initiatives in supporting Indonesia’s UHC while advancing Australia’s regional engagement. A descriptive qualitative analysis was conducted using Indonesian and Australian government documents, Indonesia–Australia Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IA-CEPA), Katalis Program materials, peer-reviewed literatures from Google Scholar and PubMed, industry reports (EY, Oliver Wyman, and the World Bank), and publications from international organizations (WHO, ASEAN, and OECD). The study focused on four domains: hospital infrastructure, workforce development, aged care, and digital health innovation. The study identified key investment opportunities in hospital infrastructure, workforce development, aged care, supply chain resilience, and digital health innovation. Public–private partnerships (PPP), such as Aspen Medical’s “green hospital” in Depok and Icon Group’s Bali investment, demonstrate viable case studies. The IA-CEPA provides a framework for investment, workforce mobility, and technology transfer. Strategic Australian engagement offers viable pathways to strengthen Indonesia’s health infrastructure, ease pressure on public systems and the JKN deficit burden, and advance regional health equity through coordinated, capacity-building partnerships.

References

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Bahasa Abstract

Australia dan Indonesia merupakan mitra strategis dengan nilai perdagangan bilateral yang terus meningkat, mencapai AUD 26,7 miliar pada periode 2022–2023. Kemitraan di bidang pelayanan kesehatan antara kedua negara menawarkan peluang yang signifikan bagi keterlibatan sektor swasta. Jumlah penduduk Indonesia yang besar, pertumbuhan kelas menengah yang pesat, serta implementasi cakupan kesehatan semesta melalui Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) membuka peluang kemitraan untuk memperkuat kapasitas sistem kesehatan, mengatasi kesenjangan infrastruktur dan kekurangan tenaga kesehatan, serta berkontribusi terhadap pencapaian tujuan bersama di bidang ekonomi dan kesejahteraan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana investasi sektor swasta layanan kesehatan Australia dapat melengkapi inisiatif pemerintah dalam mendukung pelaksanaan cakupan kesehatan semesta di Indonesia, sekaligus memperkuat keterlibatan Australia di kawasan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan analisis terhadap dokumen pemerintah Indonesia dan Australia, dokumen Indonesia–Australia Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IA-CEPA), materi Program Katalis, literatur ilmiah dari Google Scholar dan PubMed, laporan industri (EY, Oliver Wyman, dan Bank Dunia), serta publikasi dari organisasi internasional (WHO, ASEAN, dan OECD). Analisis difokuskan pada empat domain utama, yaitu infrastruktur rumah sakit, pengembangan tenaga kesehatan, layanan perawatan lanjut usia, dan inovasi kesehatan digital. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi peluang investasi utama pada infrastruktur rumah sakit, pengembangan tenaga kesehatan, layanan aged care, ketahanan rantai pasok, serta inovasi kesehatan digital. Skema kemitraan pemerintah dan swasta, seperti pembangunan rumah sakit ramah lingkungan oleh Aspen Medical di Depok dan investasi Icon Group di Bali, menunjukkan contoh praktik kolaborasi yang layak dan potensial untuk direplikasi. Perjanjian IA-CEPA menyediakan kerangka kerja yang mendukung fasilitasi investasi, mobilitas tenaga kerja, dan alih teknologi. Keterlibatan strategis Australia menawarkan jalur yang realistis untuk memperkuat infrastruktur kesehatan Indonesia, mengurangi tekanan pada sistem pelayanan kesehatan publik dan beban defisit JKN, serta mendorong tercapainya keadilan kesehatan regional melalui kemitraan yang terkoordinasi dan berorientasi pada penguatan kapasitas.

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