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Abstract

African Swine Fever (ASF) seriously threatens pig production systems, food security, and rural livelihoods across Southeast Asia. This study employs an analysis of secondary national data from Indonesia using a quantitative descriptive analysis approach, complemented by regional policy responses to ASF from 2019 to 2024. To contextualize regional findings, this study also integrates official statistics from Statistics Indonesia (BPS) covering provincial pork production trends (2021–2023), the number of ASF-affected pigs per province (2020–2024), and per capita pork consumption by district. Quantitative data show that ASF outbreaks have been disproportionately concentrated in specific provinces such as East Nusa Tenggara and North Sumatra, significantly impacting national pork production and local consumption trends. The average provincial ASF case numbers trend reveals a sharp decline after 2021, with notable fluctuations across subsequent years. These findings highlight the urgent need for harmonized surveillance, stronger biosecurity practices, and the development of context-specific policies that address ASF's epidemiological and socio-economic dimensions. The study underscores the importance of integrating scientific research, government data, and regional coordination to improve Southeast Asian ASF preparedness and response strategies.

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Bahasa Abstract

Demam Babi Afrika (ASF) secara serius mengancam sistem produksi babi, ketahanan pangan, dan mata pencaharian pedesaan di seluruh Asia Tenggara. Studi ini menggunakan analisis data nasional sekunder dari Indonesia dengan pendekatan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif, dilengkapi dengan respons kebijakan regional terhadap ASF dari tahun 2019 hingga 2024. Untuk mengontekstualisasikan temuan regional, studi ini juga mengintegrasikan statistik resmi dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) yang mencakup tren produksi daging babi provinsi (2021–2023), jumlah babi yang terjangkit ASF per provinsi (2020–2024), dan konsumsi daging babi per kapita per kabupaten. Data kuantitatif menunjukkan bahwa wabah ASF telah terkonsentrasi secara tidak proporsional di provinsi-provinsi tertentu seperti Nusa Tenggara Timur dan Sumatera Utara, yang secara signifikan berdampak pada produksi daging babi nasional dan tren konsumsi lokal. Tren jumlah kasus ASF rata-rata provinsi menunjukkan penurunan tajam setelah tahun 2021, dengan fluktuasi yang signifikan di tahun-tahun berikutnya. Temuan-temuan ini menyoroti kebutuhan mendesak akan pengawasan yang harmonis, praktik biosekuriti yang lebih kuat, dan pengembangan kebijakan spesifik konteks yang menangani dimensi epidemiologi dan sosial-ekonomi ASF. Studi ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya mengintegrasikan penelitian ilmiah, data pemerintah, dan koordinasi regional untuk meningkatkan strategi kesiapsiagaan dan respons ASF di Asia Tenggara.

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