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Abstract

The fundamental aim of the National Action Plan (NAP) on Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism (P/CVE) is to employ a comprehensive approach to addressing the root causes of violent extremism. However, does it necessarily become a real instrument to employ a comprehensive approach in P/CVE? The case of Indonesia and the Philippines will show the important factors of the people behind the policy-making process and the timing of the issuance of NAP. The NAP will only become a mere jargon of a “comprehensive approach” when there is limited access for other actors outside of the governmental agencies to be involved in the policy-making process. It will only be exploited as an instrument of securitisation because the bulk of attention is on the use of kinetic approach which is regulated under the following regulations that are issued after the NAP. In contrast, if there is a wide range of relevant actors involved, it will allow the policymakers to receive various feedback from different perspectives. Issuing NAP after the other regulations that are heavy on kinetic approach will also allow NAP to compensate for it; showing the government’s commitment to provide comprehensive security.

Bahasa Abstract

Tujuan utama dari Rencana Aksi Nasional (RAN) tentang Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Kekerasan Ekstremisme (P/CVE) adalah untuk menggunakan pendekatan komprehensif dalam menangani akar penyebab ekstremisme kekerasan. Namun, apakah pendekatan komprehensif dalam P/CVE benar-benar menjadi instrumen yang nyata? Kasus Indonesia dan Filipina menunjukkan faktor-faktor penting dari aktor-aktor yang berada di dalam proses pembuatan kebijakan dan waktu penerbitan RAN. Artikel ini akan menggunakan konsep Amitav Acharya dalam memahami proses sekuritisasi di negara-negara Asia. Artikel ini menafsirkan konsep Acharya dalam menganalisis proses perumusan dan hasil Rencana Aksi Nasional. Artikel ini akan membahas implementasi aktual RAN berdasarkan pembuat kebijakan dan waktu penerbitan. Artikel ini berpendapat bahwa akses terbatas ke lembaga lain di luar pemerintah akan mengarah pada istilah-istilah yang bermasalah. Istilah-istilah tersebut akan membingkai "pendekatan komprehensif" sebagai jargon untuk membenarkan penggunaan pendekatan kinetik. Artikel ini juga akan membahas waktu penerbitan RAN dan Undang-Undang tentang Terorisme atau Undang-Undang Antiterorisme. Penerbitan RAN sebelum pengesahan regulasi yang lebih menekankan pada pendekatan kinetik cenderung mengabaikan tujuan utama dari pendekatan komprehensif.

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